The effect of mesoporous bioglass on osteogenesis and adipogenesis of osteoporotic BMSCs

Tao Wu, Ning Cheng, Chun Xu, Wei Sun, Chengzhong Yu, Bin Shi

This study evaluated the effect of mesoporous bioglass (MBG) dissolution on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) derived from either sham control or ovariectomized (OVX) rats. MBG was fabricated by evaporation-induced self-assembly method. Cell proliferation was tested by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and cytoskeletal morphology was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and activity, Alizarin Red staining, while adipogenic differentiation was assessed by Oil Red-O staining. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were taken to evaluate the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ). We found that MBG dissolution (0, 25, 50, 100, 200µg/ml) was nontoxic to BMSCs growth. Sham and OVX BMSCs exhibited the highest ALP activity in 50µg/ml of MBG osteogenic dissolution, except that sham BMSCs in 100µg/ml showed the highest ALP activity on day 14. Runx2 was significantly upregulated after 100µg/ml of MBG stimulation in sham and OVX BMSCs for 7 and 14 days, except that 25µg/ml showed highest upregulation effect on OVX BMSCs at day 7. PPARγ was downregulated after MBG stimulation. The protein level of Runx2 from the sham BMSCs group was significantly upregulated after lower doses (25 and 50µg/ml) of MBG stimulation, whereas PPARγ was downregulated in the sham and OVX BMSCs group. Thus, both the osteogenic and adipogenic abilities of BMSCs were damaged under OVX condition. Moreover, lower concentration of MBG dissolution can promote osteogenesis but inhibit adipogenesis of the sham and OVX BMSCs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.