Title |
Specification of tissue-resident macrophages during organogenesis
|
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Published in |
Science, August 2016
|
DOI | 10.1126/science.aaf4238 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Elvira Mass, Ivan Ballesteros, Matthias Farlik, Florian Halbritter, Patrick Günther, Lucile Crozet, Christian E Jacome-Galarza, Kristian Händler, Johanna Klughammer, Yasuhiro Kobayashi, Elisa Gomez-Perdiguero, Joachim L Schultze, Marc Beyer, Christoph Bock, Frederic Geissmann |
Abstract |
Tissue-resident macrophages support embryonic development and tissue homeostasis and repair. The mechanisms that control their differentiation remain unclear. We report here that erythro-myeloid progenitors generate pre-macrophages (pMacs) that simultaneously colonize the whole embryo from embryonic day (E)9.5 in a chemokine-receptor dependent manner. The core macrophage program initiated in pMacs is rapidly diversified as expression of transcriptional regulators becomes tissue-specific in early macrophages. This process appears essential for macrophage specification and maintenance, as inactivation of Id3 impairs the development of liver macrophages and results in selective Kupffer cell deficiency in adults. We propose that macrophage differentiation is an integral part of organogenesis as colonization of organ anlagen by pMacs is followed by their specification into tissue macrophages, hereby generating the macrophage diversity observed in postnatal tissues. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 6 | 17% |
United Kingdom | 3 | 9% |
France | 2 | 6% |
Austria | 2 | 6% |
Sweden | 1 | 3% |
Saudi Arabia | 1 | 3% |
Canada | 1 | 3% |
Comoros | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 18 | 51% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 26 | 74% |
Scientists | 6 | 17% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 6% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Germany | 3 | <1% |
United States | 3 | <1% |
Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
Austria | 1 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Sweden | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 904 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 237 | 26% |
Researcher | 148 | 16% |
Student > Master | 89 | 10% |
Student > Bachelor | 81 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 47 | 5% |
Other | 116 | 13% |
Unknown | 197 | 22% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
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Immunology and Microbiology | 162 | 18% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 144 | 16% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 90 | 10% |
Neuroscience | 62 | 7% |
Other | 63 | 7% |
Unknown | 211 | 23% |