Title |
A Core Metabolic Enzyme Mediates Resistance to Phosphine Gas
|
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Published in |
Science, November 2012
|
DOI | 10.1126/science.1224951 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
David I. Schlipalius, Nicholas Valmas, Andrew G. Tuck, Rajeswaran Jagadeesan, Li Ma, Ramandeep Kaur, Anita Goldinger, Cameron Anderson, Jujiao Kuang, Steven Zuryn, Yosep S. Mau, Qiang Cheng, Patrick J. Collins, Manoj K. Nayak, Horst Joachim Schirra, Massimo A. Hilliard, Paul R. Ebert |
Abstract |
Phosphine is a small redox-active gas that is used to protect global grain reserves, which are threatened by the emergence of phosphine resistance in pest insects. We find that polymorphisms responsible for genetic resistance cluster around the redox-active catalytic disulfide or the dimerization interface of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) in insects (Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum) and nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans). DLD is a core metabolic enzyme representing a new class of resistance factor for a redox-active metabolic toxin. It participates in four key steps of core metabolism, and metabolite profiles indicate that phosphine exposure in mutant and wild-type animals affects these steps differently. Mutation of DLD in C. elegans increases arsenite sensitivity. This specific vulnerability may be exploited to control phosphine-resistant insects and safeguard food security. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Canada | 3 | 38% |
United Kingdom | 2 | 25% |
Australia | 1 | 13% |
United States | 1 | 13% |
Unknown | 1 | 13% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 8 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
France | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Singapore | 1 | <1% |
Japan | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 98 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 27 | 26% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 20 | 19% |
Student > Bachelor | 13 | 13% |
Student > Master | 9 | 9% |
Student > Postgraduate | 6 | 6% |
Other | 15 | 15% |
Unknown | 13 | 13% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 54 | 52% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 10% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 5% |
Chemistry | 5 | 5% |
Engineering | 2 | 2% |
Other | 9 | 9% |
Unknown | 18 | 17% |