| Title |
Balkan endemic nephropathy: an update on its aetiology
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Archives of Toxicology, August 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00204-016-1819-3 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Marie Stiborová, Volker M. Arlt, Heinz H. Schmeiser |
| Abstract |
Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) is a unique, chronic renal disease frequently associated with upper urothelial cancer (UUC). It only affects residents of specific farming villages located along tributaries of the Danube River in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Romania where it is estimated that ~100,000 individuals are at risk of BEN, while ~25,000 have the disease. This review summarises current findings on the aetiology of BEN. Over the last 50 years, several hypotheses on the cause of BEN have been formulated, including mycotoxins, heavy metals, viruses, and trace-element insufficiencies. However, recent molecular epidemiological studies provide a strong case that chronic dietary exposure to aristolochic acid (AA) a principal component of Aristolochia clematitis which grows as a weed in the wheat fields of the endemic regions is the cause of BEN and associated UUC. One of the still enigmatic features of BEN that need to be resolved is why the prevalence of BEN is only 3-7 %. This suggests that individual genetic susceptibilities to AA exist in humans. In fact dietary ingestion of AA along with individual genetic susceptibility provides a scenario that plausibly can explain all the peculiarities of BEN such as geographical distribution and high risk of urothelial cancer. For the countries harbouring BEN implementing public health measures to avoid AA exposure is of the utmost importance because this seems to be the best way to eradicate this once mysterious disease to which the residents of BEN villages have been completely and utterly at mercy for so long. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 92 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 92 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 13 | 14% |
| Researcher | 8 | 9% |
| Student > Bachelor | 8 | 9% |
| Student > Master | 6 | 7% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 5% |
| Other | 12 | 13% |
| Unknown | 40 | 43% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 17 | 18% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 6 | 7% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 5% |
| Chemistry | 5 | 5% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 4% |
| Other | 16 | 17% |
| Unknown | 39 | 42% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 11. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 11 March 2022.
All research outputs
#2,949,836
of 23,312,088 outputs
Outputs from Archives of Toxicology
#218
of 2,665 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#52,595
of 345,053 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Archives of Toxicology
#7
of 47 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 2,665 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.3. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 91% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 47 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its contemporaries.