| Title |
Cilia are required for asymmetric nodal induction in the sea urchin embryo
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
BMC Developmental Biology, August 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s12861-016-0128-7 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Matthias Tisler, Franziska Wetzel, Sabrina Mantino, Stanislav Kremnyov, Thomas Thumberger, Axel Schweickert, Martin Blum, Philipp Vick |
| Abstract |
Left-right (LR) organ asymmetries are a common feature of metazoan animals. In many cases, laterality is established by a conserved asymmetric Nodal signaling cascade during embryogenesis. In most vertebrates, asymmetric nodal induction results from a cilia-driven leftward fluid flow at the left-right organizer (LRO), a ciliated epithelium present during gastrula/neurula stages. Conservation of LRO and flow beyond the vertebrates has not been reported yet. Here we study sea urchin embryos, which use nodal to establish larval LR asymmetry as well. Cilia were found in the archenteron of embryos undergoing gastrulation. Expression of foxj1 and dnah9 suggested that archenteron cilia were motile. Cilia were polarized to the posterior pole of cells, a prerequisite of directed flow. High-speed videography revealed rotating cilia in the archenteron slightly before asymmetric nodal induction. Removal of cilia through brief high salt treatments resulted in aberrant patterns of nodal expression. Our data demonstrate that cilia - like in vertebrates - are required for asymmetric nodal induction in sea urchin embryos. Based on these results we argue that the anterior archenteron represents a bona fide LRO and propose that cilia-based symmetry breakage is a synapomorphy of the deuterostomes. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 64 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 64 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 18 | 28% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 14% |
| Researcher | 6 | 9% |
| Student > Master | 5 | 8% |
| Unspecified | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 6 | 9% |
| Unknown | 18 | 28% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 24 | 38% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 15 | 23% |
| Unspecified | 2 | 3% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 2% |
| Mathematics | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 4 | 6% |
| Unknown | 17 | 27% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 06 September 2016.
All research outputs
#15,381,416
of 22,883,326 outputs
Outputs from BMC Developmental Biology
#260
of 370 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#218,913
of 342,845 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Developmental Biology
#6
of 8 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 370 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.3. This one is in the 21st percentile – i.e., 21% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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