| Title |
Recovery after an Ironman triathlon: sustained inflammatory responses and muscular stress
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
European Journal of Applied Physiology, June 2008
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00421-008-0787-6 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Oliver Neubauer, Daniel König, Karl-Heinz Wagner |
| Abstract |
Ultra-endurance exercise, such as an Ironman triathlon, induces muscle damage and a systemic inflammatory response. As the resolution of recovery in these parameters is poorly documented, we investigated indices of muscle damage and systemic inflammation in response to an Ironman triathlon and monitored these parameters 19 days into recovery. Blood was sampled from 42 well-trained male triathletes 2 days before, immediately after, and 1, 5 and 19 days after an Ironman triathlon. Blood samples were analyzed for hematological profile, and plasma values of myeloperoxidase (MPO), polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase, cortisol, testosterone, creatine kinase (CK) activity, myoglobin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Immediately post-race there were significant (P < 0.001) increases in total leukocyte counts, MPO, PMN elastase, cortisol, CK activity, myoglobin, IL-6, IL-10 and hs-CRP, while testosterone significantly (P < 0.001) decreased compared to prerace. With the exception of cortisol, which decreased below prerace values (P < 0.001), these alterations persisted 1 day post-race (P < 0.001; P < 0.01 for IL-10). Five days post-race CK activity, myoglobin, IL-6 and hs-CRP had decreased, but were still significantly (P < 0.001) elevated. Nineteen days post-race most parameters had returned to prerace values, except for MPO and PMN elastase, which had both significantly (P < 0.001) decreased below prerace concentrations, and myoglobin and hs-CRP, which were slightly, but significantly higher than prerace. Furthermore, significant relationships between leukocyte dynamics, cortisol, markers of muscle damage, cytokines and hs-CRP after the Ironman triathlon were noted. This study indicates that the pronounced initial systemic inflammatory response induced by an Ironman triathlon declines rapidly. However, a low-grade systemic inflammation persisted until at least 5 days post-race, possibly reflecting incomplete muscle recovery. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 5 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 20% |
| Norway | 1 | 20% |
| Spain | 1 | 20% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 20% |
| Unknown | 1 | 20% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 60% |
| Members of the public | 2 | 40% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 252 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Portugal | 2 | <1% |
| Spain | 2 | <1% |
| Brazil | 2 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 2 | <1% |
| Chile | 1 | <1% |
| South Africa | 1 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| Italy | 1 | <1% |
| Denmark | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 3 | 1% |
| Unknown | 236 | 94% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 45 | 18% |
| Student > Master | 44 | 17% |
| Student > Bachelor | 30 | 12% |
| Researcher | 25 | 10% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 16 | 6% |
| Other | 51 | 20% |
| Unknown | 41 | 16% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Sports and Recreations | 73 | 29% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 43 | 17% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 26 | 10% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 15 | 6% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 14 | 6% |
| Other | 30 | 12% |
| Unknown | 51 | 20% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 8. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 26 September 2021.
All research outputs
#4,688,006
of 25,373,627 outputs
Outputs from European Journal of Applied Physiology
#1,272
of 4,345 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#16,463
of 96,928 outputs
Outputs of similar age from European Journal of Applied Physiology
#8
of 29 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,373,627 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 81st percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,345 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 14.6. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 70% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 96,928 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 83% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 29 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 72% of its contemporaries.