| Title |
The Extreme Male Brain Theory of Autism and the Potential Adverse Effects for Boys and Girls with Autism
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry, January 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s11673-011-9350-y |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Timothy M. Krahn, Andrew Fenton |
| Abstract |
Autism, typically described as a spectrum neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in verbal ability and social reciprocity as well as obsessive or repetitious behaviours, is currently thought to markedly affect more males than females. Not surprisingly, this encourages a gendered understanding of the Autism Spectrum. Simon Baron-Cohen, a prominent authority in the field of autism research, characterizes the male brain type as biased toward systemizing. In contrast, the female brain type is understood to be biased toward empathizing. Since persons with autism are characterized as hyper-systemizers and hypo-empathizers, Baron-Cohen suggests that, whether they are male or female, most possess an "extreme male brain profile." We argue that Baron-Cohen is misled by an unpersuasive gendering of certain capacities or aptitudes in the human population. Moreover, we suggest that this may inadvertently favour boys in diagnosing children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. If this is correct, it could also have rather serious consequences for treatment and services for girls (and women) on the Autism Spectrum. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Finland | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 230 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 2 | <1% |
| Mexico | 1 | <1% |
| Croatia | 1 | <1% |
| United States | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 225 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 59 | 26% |
| Student > Master | 32 | 14% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 21 | 9% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 15 | 7% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 14 | 6% |
| Other | 42 | 18% |
| Unknown | 47 | 20% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 98 | 43% |
| Social Sciences | 25 | 11% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 20 | 9% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 12 | 5% |
| Neuroscience | 10 | 4% |
| Other | 18 | 8% |
| Unknown | 47 | 20% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 14. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 04 May 2014.
All research outputs
#2,669,345
of 25,759,158 outputs
Outputs from Journal of Bioethical Inquiry
#111
of 675 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#19,196
of 250,862 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Journal of Bioethical Inquiry
#1
of 2 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 675 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 10.4. This one has done well, scoring higher than 83% of its peers.
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