| Title |
Reduced CAG repeats length in androgen receptor gene is associated with violent criminal behavior
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
International Journal of Legal Medicine, March 2008
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00414-008-0225-7 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Singh Rajender, Guguluth Pandu, J. D. Sharma, K. P. C. Gandhi, Lalji Singh, Kumarasamy Thangaraj |
| Abstract |
Androgens mediate their functions through androgen receptors (AR). The two triplet repeats in the AR gene (CAG and GGN) are highly polymorphic among various populations and have been extensively studied in diverse clinical conditions and antisocial personality disorders. Several studies have reported either higher levels of testosterone among rapists or the correlation of shorter CAG repeats with criminal activities. However, to date, no study has analyzed AR gene in rapists worldwide, and no study has been conducted on criminals from Indian subcontinent. Therefore, we have analyzed the AR-CAG repeat length in 645 men, of which 241 were convicted for rape, 107 for murder, 26 for both murder and rape, and 271 were control males. The aim was to explore if there was any correlation between CAG repeat length and criminal behavior. The study revealed significantly shorter CAG repeats in the rapists (mean 18.44 repeats) and murderers (mean 17.59 repeats) compared to the control men (mean 21.19 repeats). The criminals who committed murder after rape had a far shorter mean repeat length (mean 17.31 repeats) in comparison to the controls or those convicted of rape or murder alone. In short, our study suggests that the reduced CAG repeats in the AR gene are associated with criminal behavior. This, along with other studies, would help in understanding the biological factors associated with the antisocial or criminal activities. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 6 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | 2 | 33% |
| United States | 1 | 17% |
| Unknown | 3 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 5 | 83% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 17% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 87 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | 2 | 2% |
| Netherlands | 1 | 1% |
| Finland | 1 | 1% |
| Canada | 1 | 1% |
| India | 1 | 1% |
| Denmark | 1 | 1% |
| United States | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 79 | 91% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 19 | 22% |
| Student > Bachelor | 14 | 16% |
| Student > Master | 12 | 14% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 10 | 11% |
| Researcher | 8 | 9% |
| Other | 11 | 13% |
| Unknown | 13 | 15% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Psychology | 27 | 31% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 19 | 22% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 11 | 13% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 9% |
| Social Sciences | 3 | 3% |
| Other | 4 | 5% |
| Unknown | 15 | 17% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 11. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 14 July 2020.
All research outputs
#2,970,886
of 23,778,637 outputs
Outputs from International Journal of Legal Medicine
#124
of 2,140 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#8,813
of 82,905 outputs
Outputs of similar age from International Journal of Legal Medicine
#2
of 4 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,778,637 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 87th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,140 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.5. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 94% of its peers.
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