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Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism

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Cover of 'Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism'

Table of Contents

  1. Altmetric Badge
    Book Overview
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    Chapter 1 Aeromagnetic Surveying
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    Chapter 2 Agricola, Georgius (1494–1555)
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    Chapter 3 Alfvén Waves
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    Chapter 4 Alfvén, Hannes Olof Gösta (1908–1995)
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    Chapter 5 Alfvén's Theorem and the Frozen Flux Approximation
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    Chapter 6 Anelastic and Boussinesq Approximations
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    Chapter 8 Antidynamo and Bounding Theorems
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    Chapter 9 Archeology, Magnetic Methods
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    Chapter 10 Archeomagnetism
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    Chapter 11 Auroral Oval
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    Chapter 12 Baked Contact Test
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    Chapter 13 Bangui Anomaly
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    Chapter 15 Bartels, Julius (1899–1964)
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    Chapter 16 Bauer, Louis Agricola (1865–1932)
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    Chapter 17 Bemmelen, Willem van (1868–1941)
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    Chapter 18 Benton, E. R.
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    Chapter 19 Bingham Statistics
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    Chapter 20 Biomagnetism
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    Chapter 23 Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism
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    Chapter 24 Carnegie, Research Vessel
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    Chapter 25 Champ
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    Chapter 26 CHAPMAN, SYDNEY (1888–1970)
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    Chapter 28 Compass
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    Chapter 29 Conductivity Geothermometer
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    Chapter 30 Conductivity, Ocean Floor Measurements
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    Chapter 31 Convection, Chemical
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    Chapter 32 Convection, Nonmagnetic Rotating
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    Chapter 33 Core Composition
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    Chapter 34 Core Convection
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    Chapter 35 Core Density
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    Chapter 36 Core Motions
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    Chapter 37 Core Origin
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    Chapter 38 CORE PROPERTIES, PHYSICAL
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    Chapter 39 Core Properties, Theoretical Determination
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    Chapter 40 Core Temperature
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    Chapter 41 Core Turbulence
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    Chapter 42 Core Viscosity
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    Chapter 43 CORE, ADIABATIC GRADIENT
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    Chapter 44 Core, Boundary Layers
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    Chapter 45 Core, Electrical Conductivity
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    Chapter 46 Core, Magnetic Instabilities
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    Chapter 48 Core‐Based Inversions for the Main Geomagnetic Field
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    Chapter 49 Core‐Mantle Boundary Topography, Implications For Dynamics
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    Chapter 50 Core‐Mantle Boundary Topography, Seismology
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    Chapter 51 Core‐mantle Boundary, Heat flow across
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    Chapter 53 CORE‐MANTLE COUPLING, THERMAL
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    Chapter 54 Core‐Mantle Coupling, Topographic
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    Chapter 55 COWLING, THOMAS GEORGE (1906–1990)
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    Chapter 56 Cowling's Theorem
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    Chapter 57 COX, ALLAN V. (1926–1987)
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    Chapter 58 CRUSTAL MAGNETIC FIELD
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    Chapter 60 D″ as a Boundary Layer
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    Chapter 61 D″, Anisotropy
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    Chapter 63 D″, Seismic Properties
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    Chapter 64 Della Porta, Giambattista (1535–1615)
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    Chapter 65 Demagnetization
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    Chapter 66 Depth To Curie Temperature
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    Chapter 67 Dipole Moment Variation
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    Chapter 68 Dynamo Waves
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    Chapter 69 Dynamo, Backus
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    Chapter 70 Dynamo, Braginsky
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    Chapter 71 Dynamo, Bullard‐Gellman
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    Chapter 73 Dynamo, Gailitis
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    Chapter 74 Dynamo, Herzenberg
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    Chapter 75 Dynamo, Lowes‐Wilkinson
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    Chapter 76 Dynamo, Model‐Z
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    Chapter 79 Dynamos, Experimental
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    Chapter 81 Dynamos, Kinematic
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    Chapter 83 Dynamos, Periodic
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    Chapter 84 Dynamos, Planetary and Satellite
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    Chapter 85 Earth Structure, Major Divisions
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    Chapter 86 Elsasser, Walter M. (1904–1991)
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    Chapter 87 Em Modeling, Forward
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    Chapter 89 EM, Industrial Uses
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    Chapter 90 EM, Lake‐Bottom Measurements
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    Chapter 91 EM, Land Uses
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    Chapter 92 Em, Marine Controlled Source
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    Chapter 93 Em, Regional Studies
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    Chapter 94 EM, Tectonic Interpretations
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    Chapter 95 Environmental Magnetism
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    Chapter 98 EULER DECONVOLUTION
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    Chapter 99 First‐Order Reversal Curve (FORC) Diagrams
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    Chapter 100 Fisher Statistics
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    Chapter 102 Fluid Dynamics Experiments
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    Chapter 103 Galvanic Distortion
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    Chapter 104 Gauss' Determination Of Absolute Intensity
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    Chapter 106 Gellibrand, Henry (1597–1636)
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    Chapter 107 Geocentric Axial Dipole Hypothesis
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    Chapter 108 Geodynamo
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    Chapter 109 Geodynamo, Dimensional Analysis And Timescales
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    Chapter 110 Geodynamo, Energy Sources
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    Chapter 111 Geodynamo: Numerical Simulations
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    Chapter 112 Geodynamo, Symmetry Properties
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    Chapter 113 Geomagnetic Deep Sounding
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    Chapter 114 Geomagnetic Dipole Field
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    Chapter 115 Geomagnetic Excursion
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    Chapter 116 Geomagnetic Field, Asymmetries
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    Chapter 120 Geomagnetic Polarity Reversals, Observations
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    Chapter 121 Geomagnetic Polarity Timescales
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    Chapter 122 Geomagnetic pulsations
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    Chapter 123 Geomagnetic Reversal Sequence, Statistical Structure
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    Chapter 124 Geomagnetic Reversals, Archives
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    Chapter 125 Geomagnetic Secular Variation
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    Chapter 126 Geomagnetic Spectrum, Spatial
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    Chapter 127 Geomagnetic Spectrum, Temporal
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    Chapter 129 Gilbert, William (1544–1603)
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    Chapter 130 Gravitational Torque
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    Chapter 131 Gravity‐Inertio Waves and Inertial Oscillations
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    Chapter 132 GrÜneisen's Parameter For Iron and Earth's Core
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    Chapter 133 Halley, Edmond (1656–1742)
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    Chapter 134 Hansteen, Christopher (1784–1873)
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    Chapter 135 Harmonics, Spherical
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    Chapter 136 Harmonics, Spherical Cap
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    Chapter 139 Higgins‐Kennedy Paradox
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    Chapter 140 HUMBOLDT, ALEXANDER VON (1759–1859)
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    Chapter 141 Humboldt, Alexander Von And Magnetic Storms
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    Chapter 142 IAGA, International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy
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    Chapter 143 Ideal Solution Theory
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    Chapter 144 IGRF, International Geomagnetic Reference Field
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    Chapter 145 Induction Arrows
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    Chapter 146 Induction From Satellite Data
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    Chapter 147 Inhomogeneous Boundary Conditions and the Dynamo
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    Chapter 148 Inner Core Anisotropy
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    Chapter 149 Inner Core Composition
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    Chapter 151 Inner Core Rotation
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    Chapter 152 Inner Core Rotational Dynamics
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    Chapter 156 Instrumentation, History Of
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    Chapter 157 Interiors of Planets and Satellites
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    Chapter 158 Internal External Field Separation
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    Chapter 159 Ionosphere
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    Chapter 161 Jesuits, Role In Geomagnetism
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    Chapter 162 Kircher, Athanasius (1602–1680)
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    Chapter 163 Langel, Robert A. (1937–2000)
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    Chapter 164 Laplace's Equation, Uniqueness of Solutions
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    Chapter 165 Larmor, Joseph (1857–1942)
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    Chapter 166 Lehmann, Inge (1888–1993)
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    Chapter 168 Length of Day Variations, Long‐term
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    Chapter 170 Magnetic Anisotropy, Sedimentary Rocks and Strain Alteration
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    Chapter 171 Magnetic Anomalies For Geology and Resources
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    Chapter 172 Magnetic Anomalies, Long Wavelength
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    Chapter 173 Magnetic Anomalies, Marine
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    Chapter 174 Magnetic Anomalies, Modeling
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    Chapter 175 Magnetic Domains
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    Chapter 176 Magnetic Field of Mars
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    Chapter 177 Magnetic Field of Sun
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    Chapter 178 Magnetic Indices
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    Chapter 179 Magnetic Mineralogy, Changes due to Heating
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    Chapter 180 Magnetic Properties, Low‐Temperature
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    Chapter 181 Magnetic Proxy Parameters
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    Chapter 182 Magnetic Remanence, Anisotropy
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    Chapter 183 Magnetic Shielding
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    Chapter 184 Magnetic Surveys, Marine
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    Chapter 185 Magnetic Susceptibility, Anisotropy
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    Chapter 186 Magnetic Susceptibility, Anisotropy, Effects Of Heating
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    Chapter 187 Magnetic Susceptibility, Anisotropy, Rock Fabric
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    Chapter 188 Magnetic Susceptibility (MS), Low‐Field
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    Chapter 189 Magnetization, Anhysteretic Remanent
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    Chapter 190 Magnetization, Chemical Remanent (CRM)
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    Chapter 191 Magnetization, Depositional Remanent
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    Chapter 192 Magnetization, Isothermal Remanent
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    Chapter 193 Magnetization, Natural Remanent (NRM)
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    Chapter 194 Magnetization, Oceanic Crust
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    Chapter 195 Magnetization, Piezoremanence and Stress Demagnetization
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    Chapter 197 Magnetization, Remanent, Fold Test
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    Chapter 198 Magnetization, Thermoremanent
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    Chapter 199 Magnetization, Thermoremanent, in Minerals
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    Chapter 200 Magnetization, Viscous Remanent (VRM)
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    Chapter 201 Magnetoconvection
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    Chapter 203 Magnetohydrodynamics
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    Chapter 205 Magnetosphere of the Earth
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    Chapter 206 Magnetostratigraphy
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    Chapter 207 Magnetotellurics
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    Chapter 208 Magsat
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    Chapter 209 Main Field Maps
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    Chapter 210 Main Field Modeling
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    Chapter 211 Main Field, Ellipticity Correction
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    Chapter 212 Mantle, Electrical Conductivity, Mineralogy
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    Chapter 213 Mantle, Thermal Conductivity
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    Chapter 214 Matuyama, Motonori (1884–1958)
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    Chapter 215 Melting Temperature of Iron in the Core, Experimental
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    Chapter 217 Microwave Paleomagnetic Technique
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    Chapter 218 Nagata, Takesi (1913–1991)
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    Chapter 219 Natural Sources for Electromagnetic Induction Studies
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    Chapter 220 Néel, Louis (1904–2000)
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    Chapter 221 Nondipole Field
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    Chapter 222 NonDynamo Theories
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    Chapter 223 Norman, Robert (flourished 1560–1585)
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    Chapter 224 Observatories, Overview
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    Chapter 225 Observatories, Instrumentation
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    Chapter 226 Observatories, Automation
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    Chapter 227 Observatories, Intermagnet
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    Chapter 228 Observatories, Program In Australia
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    Chapter 229 Observatories, Program in the British Isles
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    Chapter 230 Observatory Program In France
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    Chapter 231 Observatories, Program in USA
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    Chapter 232 Observatories in Antarctica
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    Chapter 233 Observatories In Benelux Countries
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    Chapter 234 Observatories In Canada
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    Chapter 235 Observatories in China
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    Chapter 236 Observatories in East and Central Europe
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    Chapter 239 Observatories In Italy
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    Chapter 240 Observatories in Japan and Asia
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    Chapter 242 Observatories In New Zealand And The South Pacific
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    Chapter 243 Observatories In Nordic Countries
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    Chapter 245 Observatories in Southern Africa
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    Chapter 246 Observatories In Spain
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    Chapter 248 Oldham, Richard Dixon (1858–1936)
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    Chapter 249 Ørsted
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    Chapter 250 Oscillations, Torsional
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    Chapter 252 Paleointensity, Absolute, Techniques
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    Chapter 254 Paleomagnetic Field Collection Methods
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    Chapter 255 Paleomagnetic Secular Variation
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    Chapter 256 Paleomagnetism
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    Chapter 257 Paleomagnetism, Deep‐Sea Sediments
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    Chapter 258 Paleomagnetism, Extraterrestrial
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    Chapter 259 Paleomagnetism, Orogenic Belts
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    Chapter 260 Parkinson, Wilfred Dudley
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    Chapter 261 Peregrinus, Petrus (flourished 1269)
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    Chapter 262 Periodic External fields
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    Chapter 263 PLATE TECTONICS, CHINA
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    Chapter 264 POGO (OGO‐2, ‐4 and ‐6 Spacecraft)
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    Chapter 265 Polarity Transition, Paleomagnetic Record
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    Chapter 266 Polarity Transitions: Radioisotopic Dating
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    Chapter 267 Pole, Key Paleomagnetic
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    Chapter 269 Precession and Core Dynamics
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    Chapter 272 Project Magnet
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    Chapter 274 Radioactive Isotopes, Their Decay in Mantle and Core
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    Chapter 276 Repeat Stations
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    Chapter 277 Reversals, Theory
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    Chapter 278 Rikitake, Tsuneji (1921–2004)
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    Chapter 279 Ring Current
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    Chapter 280 Robust Electromagnetic Transfer Functions Estimates
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    Chapter 281 Rock Magnetism
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    Chapter 284 Runcorn, S. Keith (1922–1995)
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    Chapter 288 Secular Variation Model
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    Chapter 290 Seismic Phases
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    Chapter 291 Seismo‐Electromagnetic Effects
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    Chapter 292 Shaw and Microwave Methods, Absolute Paleointensity Determination
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    Chapter 293 Shock Wave Experiments
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    Chapter 295 Statistical Methods for Paleovector Analysis
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    Chapter 297 Superchrons, Changes in Reversal Frequency*
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    Chapter 298 Susceptibility
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    Chapter 299 Susceptibility, Measurements of Solids
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    Chapter 300 Susceptibility, Parameters, Anisotropy
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    Chapter 301 Taylor's Condition
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    Chapter 302 Thellier, Émile (1904–1987)
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    Chapter 303 Thermal Wind
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    Chapter 304 Time‐Averaged Paleomagnetic Field
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    Chapter 305 Time‐Dependent Models of the Geomagnetic Field
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    Chapter 308 True Polar Wander
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    Chapter 309 Ulvz, Ultra‐Low Velocity Zone
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    Chapter 310 Units
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    Chapter 312 Variable Field Translation Balance
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    Chapter 314 Vine‐Matthews‐Morley Hypothesis
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    Chapter 315 Volcano‐Electromagnetic Effects
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    Chapter 318 Westward Drift
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Title
Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism
Published by
Springer-Verlag, January 2007
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-4423-6
ISBNs
978-1-4020-4423-6, 978-1-4020-3992-8
Authors

Gubbins, David, Herrero-Bervera, Emilio

Editors

David Gubbins, Emilio Herrero-Bervera

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Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Germany 1 <1%
Unknown 106 99%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Researcher 21 20%
Student > Ph. D. Student 20 19%
Student > Master 16 15%
Student > Bachelor 10 9%
Student > Doctoral Student 6 6%
Other 9 8%
Unknown 25 23%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Earth and Planetary Sciences 44 41%
Engineering 8 7%
Physics and Astronomy 7 7%
Environmental Science 6 6%
Chemistry 2 2%
Other 8 7%
Unknown 32 30%