Title |
Fundamentals of aerosol therapy in critical care
|
---|---|
Published in |
Critical Care, October 2016
|
DOI | 10.1186/s13054-016-1448-5 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Jayesh Dhanani, John F. Fraser, Hak-Kim Chan, Jordi Rello, Jeremy Cohen, Jason A. Roberts |
Abstract |
Drug dosing in critically ill patients is challenging due to the altered drug pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics associated with systemic therapies. For many drug therapies, there is potential to use the respiratory system as an alternative route for drug delivery. Aerosol drug delivery can provide many advantages over conventional therapy. Given that respiratory diseases are the commonest causes of critical illness, use of aerosol therapy to provide high local drug concentrations with minimal systemic side effects makes this route an attractive option. To date, limited evidence has restricted its wider application. The efficacy of aerosol drug therapy depends on drug-related factors (particle size, molecular weight), device factors, patient-related factors (airway anatomy, inhalation patterns) and mechanical ventilation-related factors (humidification, airway). This review identifies the relevant factors which require attention for optimization of aerosol drug delivery that can achieve better drug concentrations at the target sites and potentially improve clinical outcomes. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Spain | 9 | 32% |
Colombia | 1 | 4% |
Chile | 1 | 4% |
United States | 1 | 4% |
Malaysia | 1 | 4% |
El Salvador | 1 | 4% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 4% |
Costa Rica | 1 | 4% |
Unknown | 12 | 43% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 20 | 71% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 6 | 21% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 7% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Chile | 1 | <1% |
Italy | 1 | <1% |
South Africa | 1 | <1% |
Czechia | 1 | <1% |
Mexico | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 258 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Other | 38 | 14% |
Researcher | 32 | 12% |
Student > Master | 28 | 11% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 26 | 10% |
Student > Bachelor | 21 | 8% |
Other | 58 | 22% |
Unknown | 60 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 106 | 40% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 23 | 9% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 17 | 6% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 4% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 3% |
Other | 29 | 11% |
Unknown | 70 | 27% |