| Title |
Impact of smoking and quitting on cardiovascular outcomes and risk advancement periods among older adults
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
European Journal of Epidemiology, February 2013
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s10654-013-9776-0 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Carolin Gellert, Ben Schöttker, Heiko Müller, Bernd Holleczek, Hermann Brenner |
| Abstract |
Smoking is an established risk factor for cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death. However, most pertinent studies primarily relied on middle aged adults. We aimed to provide empirical evidence on the association of smoking with cardiovascular events and the benefits of smoking cessation in people aged 50 years or older. In a German population-based cohort study detailed information on lifetime smoking history was obtained from 8,807 individuals aged 50-74 years, without previous myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke. Cox proportional hazards regression was applied to estimate the impact of smoking on MI, stroke and cardiovascular death (CVD) as well as on the combined outcome of major cardiovascular events (MI, stroke or CVD). In addition, the impact of smoking and the benefits of smoking cessation were quantified by risk advancement periods (RAP). The cohort included 17.2 % current smokers, 31.7 % former smokers and 51.1 % never smokers. During a mean follow-up of 9.1 years, 261 participants experienced a first MI, 456 had a primary stroke and 274 died of cardiovascular reasons. Compared to never smokers, adjusted hazard ratios (95 % confidence intervals) of current smokers were 2.25 (1.62-3.12), 2.12 (1.65-2.73) and 2.45 (1.76-3.42) and RAPs were 19.3, 9.8 and 8.4 years for MI, stroke and CVD, respectively. Strong dose-response relationships were seen with both current and life-time amount of smoking. Most of the excess risk and risk advancement disappeared within 5 years after smoking cessation. Smoking is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular events even at older age. Smoking cessation is highly and rapidly beneficial also at advanced age. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 33% |
| Curaçao | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 67% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 66 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 65 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 14% |
| Researcher | 9 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 9 | 14% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 12% |
| Other | 7 | 11% |
| Other | 10 | 15% |
| Unknown | 14 | 21% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 25 | 38% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 7 | 11% |
| Social Sciences | 6 | 9% |
| Psychology | 2 | 3% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 7 | 11% |
| Unknown | 17 | 26% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 33. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 08 February 2022.
All research outputs
#1,227,170
of 25,732,188 outputs
Outputs from European Journal of Epidemiology
#181
of 1,816 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#10,785
of 296,232 outputs
Outputs of similar age from European Journal of Epidemiology
#2
of 23 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,732,188 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 95th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,816 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 38.8. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 90% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 23 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 91% of its contemporaries.