Title |
Liability to substance use disorders: 1. Common mechanisms and manifestations
|
---|---|
Published in |
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, October 2003
|
DOI | 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2003.08.002 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Michael M Vanyukov, Ralph E Tarter, Levent Kirisci, Galina P Kirillova, Brion S Maher, Duncan B Clark |
Abstract |
Variation in the risk for and severity of substance use disorders (SUD) in the population is caused by multiple organismic (genetic, biochemical, psychological) and environmental factors. Whereas drug- or drug-class-specific liability mechanisms exist, a substantial proportion of variance in the risk is shared between specific liabilities, reflecting mechanisms that determine common liability to SUD. Data from epidemiologic, clinical, psychological, physiological, biochemical, and family and genetic studies reviewed in this paper indicate the existence of mechanisms and characteristics shared in common by liabilities to SUD related to different drugs. These mechanisms can be conceptualized as common liability to SUD, a latent trait accounting for a substantial portion of variation in SUD risk and severity and determined by all factors influencing the probability of SUD development. An accompanying paper describes an approach to the quantitative estimation of this trait. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 2 | 2% |
United States | 2 | 2% |
Portugal | 1 | 1% |
Brazil | 1 | 1% |
Germany | 1 | 1% |
Spain | 1 | 1% |
Australia | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 72 | 89% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 17% |
Researcher | 11 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 8 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 9% |
Student > Master | 7 | 9% |
Other | 19 | 23% |
Unknown | 15 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 34 | 42% |
Social Sciences | 9 | 11% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 6% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 3 | 4% |
Neuroscience | 3 | 4% |
Other | 9 | 11% |
Unknown | 18 | 22% |