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(De)troubling transparency: artificial intelligence (AI) for clinical applications

Overview of attention for article published in Medical Humanities, May 2022
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  • In the top 25% of all research outputs scored by Altmetric
  • High Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age (90th percentile)
  • High Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age and source (84th percentile)

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2 blogs
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Title
(De)troubling transparency: artificial intelligence (AI) for clinical applications
Published in
Medical Humanities, May 2022
DOI 10.1136/medhum-2021-012318
Pubmed ID
Authors

Peter David Winter, Annamaria Carusi

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques occupy a prominent role in medical research in terms of the innovation and development of new technologies. However, while many perceive AI as a technology of promise and hope-one that is allowing for more early and accurate diagnosis-the acceptance of AI and ML technologies in hospitals remains low. A major reason for this is the lack of transparency associated with these technologies, in particular epistemic transparency, which results in AI disturbing or troubling established knowledge practices in clinical contexts. In this article, we describe the development process of one AI application for a clinical setting. We show how epistemic transparency is negotiated and co-produced in close collaboration between AI developers and clinicians and biomedical scientists, forming the context in which AI is accepted as an epistemic operator. Drawing on qualitative research with collaborative researchers developing an AI technology for the early diagnosis of a rare respiratory disease (pulmonary hypertension/PH), this paper examines how including clinicians and clinical scientists in the collaborative practices of AI developers de-troubles transparency. Our research shows how de-troubling transparency occurs in three dimensions of AI development relating to PH: querying of data sets, building software and training the model The close collaboration results in an AI application that is at once social and technological: it integrates and inscribes into the technology the knowledge processes of the different participants in its development. We suggest that it is a misnomer to call these applications 'artificial' intelligence, and that they would be better developed and implemented if they were reframed as forms of sociotechnical intelligence.

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The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 11 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 32 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 32 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Researcher 5 16%
Student > Master 3 9%
Other 2 6%
Student > Ph. D. Student 2 6%
Unknown 20 63%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Business, Management and Accounting 2 6%
Nursing and Health Professions 2 6%
Psychology 1 3%
Social Sciences 1 3%
Medicine and Dentistry 1 3%
Other 2 6%
Unknown 23 72%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 19. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 21 February 2024.
All research outputs
#1,921,872
of 25,386,051 outputs
Outputs from Medical Humanities
#202
of 753 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#42,735
of 436,640 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Medical Humanities
#4
of 19 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,386,051 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 92nd percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 753 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 18.3. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 73% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 436,640 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 90% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 19 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 84% of its contemporaries.