| Title |
Activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/anitioxidant response element alleviates the nitroglycerin-induced hyperalgesia in rats
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
The Journal of Headache and Pain, October 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s10194-016-0694-x |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Wei Di, Xiaolei Shi, Hua Lv, Jun Liu, Hong Zhang, Zhiwei Li, Yannan Fang |
| Abstract |
Antioxidants have been proven to weaken hyperalgesia in neuropathic pain. Endogenous antioxidant defense system may have a role in the prevention of hyperalgesia in migraine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) pathway in regulating the activation of the trigeminovascular system (TGVS) and hypersensitivity in nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced hyperalgesia rats. The expression levels of Nrf2, HO, HO1, and NQO1 in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) were detected by western blot. Immunofluorescence was used to demonstrate the cell-specific localization of Nrf2 in TNC. Sulforaphane, a Nrf2 activator, was administered to NTG-induced rats. Then, the number of c-Fos- and nNOS-immunoreactive neurons in TNC was evaluated using immunofluorescence, and c-Fos and nNOS protein levels were quantified using western blot. Von Frey hair testing was used to evaluate the tactile thresholds of rats at different time points in different groups. Total cellular and nuclear levels of the proteins Nrf2, HO1, and NQO1 were elevated in TNC after NTG injection, and Nrf2 was found to be located in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the neurons. Sulforaphane pretreatment significantly increased the nuclear Nrf2, HO1, and NQO1 levels in TNC. In addition, sulforaphane exposure effectively inhibited the expression of nNOS and c-Fos, reduced the number of nNOS and c-Fos immunoreactive neurons in TNC, and attenuated the tactile thresholds induced by NTG injection. Oxidative stress was involved in nitroglycerin-induced hyperalgesia. Activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway inhibited the activation of TGVS and prevented the induction of hyperalgesia. Sulforaphane might therefore be an effective agent for hyperalgesia. Further studies are needed to discover the underlying mechanisms of the process. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 33 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 33 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 6 | 18% |
| Researcher | 4 | 12% |
| Professor | 3 | 9% |
| Student > Bachelor | 2 | 6% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 2 | 6% |
| Other | 5 | 15% |
| Unknown | 11 | 33% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 7 | 21% |
| Neuroscience | 4 | 12% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 12% |
| Environmental Science | 1 | 3% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 1 | 3% |
| Other | 3 | 9% |
| Unknown | 13 | 39% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 25 May 2017.
All research outputs
#15,526,761
of 23,849,058 outputs
Outputs from The Journal of Headache and Pain
#1,027
of 1,417 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#191,232
of 316,433 outputs
Outputs of similar age from The Journal of Headache and Pain
#15
of 22 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,849,058 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 32nd percentile – i.e., 32% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,417 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 17.6. This one is in the 25th percentile – i.e., 25% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 316,433 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 36th percentile – i.e., 36% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 22 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 31st percentile – i.e., 31% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.