| Title |
Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antihyperglycemic Medications in Children and Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Clinical Pharmacokinetics, November 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s40262-016-0472-6 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Fatemeh Akhlaghi, Kelly L. Matson, Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour, Meghan Kelly, Asieh Karimani |
| Abstract |
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among children and adolescents has been rising. This condition is associated with obesity, and it's prevalence is higher among minority or female youth. Lifestyle modification including diet and exercise is only successful in a small proportion of patients; therefore, pharmacotherapy approaches are needed to treat T2DM among youth. Currently, in the USA, only metformin and insulin are approved for the treatment of T2DM in children. However, several antihyperglycemic agents including exenatide, glimepiride, glyburide, liraglutide, pioglitazone, and rosiglitazone are also used off-label in this population. Moreover, a number of clinical trials are ongoing that are aimed at addressing the safety and efficacy of newer antihyperglycemic agents in this population. Little is known about the safety, efficacy, or pharmacokinetics of antihyperglycemic agents in children or adolescents. Our ability to predict the pharmacokinetics of these agents in youth is hampered first by the lack of information about the expression and activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in this population and second by the presence of comorbid conditions such as obesity and fatty liver disease. This article reviews the prevalence of obesity and T2DM in children and adolescents (youth). We then summarize published studies on safety and effectiveness of antihyperglycemic medications in youth. Drug disposition may be affected by age or puberty and thus the expression and activity of different pathways for drug metabolism and xenobiotic transporters are compared between youth and adults followed by a summary of pharmacokinetics studies of antihyperglycemic agents currently used in this population. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Arab Emirates | 1 | 50% |
| United States | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
| Scientists | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 118 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 118 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 16 | 14% |
| Student > Bachelor | 15 | 13% |
| Student > Master | 12 | 10% |
| Researcher | 11 | 9% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 6% |
| Other | 18 | 15% |
| Unknown | 39 | 33% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 33 | 28% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 13 | 11% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 7 | 6% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 6 | 5% |
| Computer Science | 2 | 2% |
| Other | 14 | 12% |
| Unknown | 43 | 36% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 12 November 2016.
All research outputs
#15,393,913
of 22,901,818 outputs
Outputs from Clinical Pharmacokinetics
#1,193
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Outputs of similar age
#197,252
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Outputs of similar age from Clinical Pharmacokinetics
#14
of 21 outputs
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