| Title |
Immunogenicity of Anti-TNF-α Agents in Autoimmune Diseases
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, June 2009
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s12016-009-8140-3 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Nádia Emi Aikawa, Jozélio Freire de Carvalho, Clovis Artur Almeida Silva, Eloísa Bonfá |
| Abstract |
Prognosis of several autoimmune diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease (CD), and psoriasis, usually refractory to conventional treatment improved considerably with the introduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) antagonistic agents, which is now available (infliximab, etanercept, and adalimumab). However, a portion of patients persists with active disease, infusion reactions, and relapses even during current biological therapy. One of the reasons for this is the associated immunogenicity to these drugs. The incentive for induction of antibodies against anti-TNF-alpha agent depends mainly on its constitution. Chimerical drugs have a higher capacity of inducing immunogenicity compared to completely human drugs. Among the three anti-TNF-alpha agents, this phenomenon has been studied mainly in patients using infliximab, especially in RA and CD. The prevalence of anti-infliximab antibodies in RA varies from 12% to 44% and seems to be inversely proportional to the level of seric infliximab and therapeutic response. The use of etanercept was associated to the development of anti-etanercept antibodies in 0% to 18% of patients, without apparent effect on effectiveness or adverse events. Studies with RA and CD patients show prevalence of anti-adalimumab antibodies from 1% to 87%. Immunosuppressive drug addiction can reduce the induction of anti-TNF-alpha antibodies. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 152 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Portugal | 1 | <1% |
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| Australia | 1 | <1% |
| Canada | 1 | <1% |
| Romania | 1 | <1% |
| China | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 146 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 24 | 16% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 22 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 17 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 13 | 9% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 11 | 7% |
| Other | 37 | 24% |
| Unknown | 28 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 58 | 38% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 21 | 14% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 10 | 7% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 7% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 7 | 5% |
| Other | 10 | 7% |
| Unknown | 36 | 24% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 9. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 15 November 2012.
All research outputs
#3,984,041
of 23,975,976 outputs
Outputs from Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
#149
of 690 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#16,818
of 112,661 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
#1
of 14 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,975,976 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 83rd percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 690 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 10.8. This one has done well, scoring higher than 78% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 112,661 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 14 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its contemporaries.