| Title |
Glycine metabolism in animals and humans: implications for nutrition and health
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Amino Acids, April 2013
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00726-013-1493-1 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Weiwei Wang, Zhenlong Wu, Zhaolai Dai, Ying Yang, Junjun Wang, Guoyao Wu |
| Abstract |
Glycine is a major amino acid in mammals and other animals. It is synthesized from serine, threonine, choline, and hydroxyproline via inter-organ metabolism involving primarily the liver and kidneys. Under normal feeding conditions, glycine is not adequately synthesized in birds or in other animals, particularly in a diseased state. Glycine degradation occurs through three pathways: the glycine cleavage system (GCS), serine hydroxymethyltransferase, and conversion to glyoxylate by peroxisomal D-amino acid oxidase. Among these pathways, GCS is the major enzyme to initiate glycine degradation to form ammonia and CO2 in animals. In addition, glycine is utilized for the biosynthesis of glutathione, heme, creatine, nucleic acids, and uric acid. Furthermore, glycine is a significant component of bile acids secreted into the lumen of the small intestine that is necessary for the digestion of dietary fat and the absorption of long-chain fatty acids. Glycine plays an important role in metabolic regulation, anti-oxidative reactions, and neurological function. Thus, this nutrient has been used to: (1) prevent tissue injury; (2) enhance anti-oxidative capacity; (3) promote protein synthesis and wound healing; (4) improve immunity; and (5) treat metabolic disorders in obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, cancers, and various inflammatory diseases. These multiple beneficial effects of glycine, coupled with its insufficient de novo synthesis, support the notion that it is a conditionally essential and also a functional amino acid for mammals (including pigs and humans). |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 21 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 4 | 19% |
| Spain | 1 | 5% |
| Georgia | 1 | 5% |
| Antarctica | 1 | 5% |
| Mexico | 1 | 5% |
| Thailand | 1 | 5% |
| Iceland | 1 | 5% |
| Hungary | 1 | 5% |
| France | 1 | 5% |
| Other | 2 | 10% |
| Unknown | 7 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 16 | 76% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 14% |
| Scientists | 2 | 10% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 484 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | <1% |
| Turkey | 1 | <1% |
| Australia | 1 | <1% |
| Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
| Spain | 1 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 476 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 67 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 66 | 14% |
| Researcher | 63 | 13% |
| Student > Bachelor | 50 | 10% |
| Other | 34 | 7% |
| Other | 80 | 17% |
| Unknown | 124 | 26% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 103 | 21% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 79 | 16% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 43 | 9% |
| Chemistry | 23 | 5% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 18 | 4% |
| Other | 80 | 17% |
| Unknown | 138 | 29% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 20. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 01 October 2023.
All research outputs
#1,911,973
of 26,017,215 outputs
Outputs from Amino Acids
#106
of 1,651 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#15,330
of 210,178 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Amino Acids
#4
of 20 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 26,017,215 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 92nd percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,651 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 7.8. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 93% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 210,178 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 92% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 20 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 80% of its contemporaries.