Title |
Fever in honeybee colonies
|
---|---|
Published in |
The Science of Nature, May 2000
|
DOI | 10.1007/s001140050709 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
P. T. Starks, Caroline A. Blackie, Thomas D. Seeley |
Abstract |
Honeybees, Apis spp., maintain elevated temperatures inside their nests to accelerate brood development and to facilitate defense against predators. We present an additional defensive function of elevating nest temperature: honeybees generate a brood-comb fever in response to colonial infection by the heat-sensitive pathogen Ascosphaera apis. This response occurs before larvae are killed, suggesting that either honeybee workers detect the infection before symptoms are visible, or that larvae communicate the ingestion of the pathogen. This response is a striking example of convergent evolution between this "superorganism" and other fever-producing animals. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | 29% |
Unknown | 5 | 71% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 5 | 71% |
Scientists | 2 | 29% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 7 | 3% |
Germany | 4 | 2% |
Brazil | 4 | 2% |
Austria | 2 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 2 | <1% |
Finland | 1 | <1% |
Colombia | 1 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Peru | 1 | <1% |
Other | 3 | 1% |
Unknown | 207 | 89% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 55 | 24% |
Researcher | 40 | 17% |
Student > Bachelor | 27 | 12% |
Student > Master | 26 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 15 | 6% |
Other | 46 | 20% |
Unknown | 24 | 10% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 140 | 60% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 17 | 7% |
Environmental Science | 15 | 6% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 5 | 2% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 5 | 2% |
Other | 16 | 7% |
Unknown | 35 | 15% |