Title |
Heritability of the shape of subcortical brain structures in the general population
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Published in |
Nature Communications, December 2016
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DOI | 10.1038/ncomms13738 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Gennady V. Roshchupkin, Boris A. Gutman, Meike W. Vernooij, Neda Jahanshad, Nicholas G. Martin, Albert Hofman, Katie L. McMahon, Sven J. van der Lee, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Greig I. de Zubicaray, André G. Uitterlinden, Margaret J. Wright, Wiro J. Niessen, Paul M. Thompson, M. Arfan Ikram, Hieab H. H. Adams |
Abstract |
The volumes of subcortical brain structures are highly heritable, but genetic underpinnings of their shape remain relatively obscure. Here we determine the relative contribution of genetic factors to individual variation in the shape of seven bilateral subcortical structures: the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, caudate, hippocampus, pallidum, putamen and thalamus. In 3,686 unrelated individuals aged between 45 and 98 years, brain magnetic resonance imaging and genotyping was performed. The maximal heritability of shape varies from 32.7 to 53.3% across the subcortical structures. Genetic contributions to shape extend beyond influences on intracranial volume and the gross volume of the respective structure. The regional variance in heritability was related to the reliability of the measurements, but could not be accounted for by technical factors only. These findings could be replicated in an independent sample of 1,040 twins. Differences in genetic contributions within a single region reveal the value of refined brain maps to appreciate the genetic complexity of brain structures. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 2 | 9% |
United Kingdom | 2 | 9% |
Australia | 2 | 9% |
Mexico | 2 | 9% |
Japan | 1 | 4% |
Ireland | 1 | 4% |
Canada | 1 | 4% |
France | 1 | 4% |
Netherlands | 1 | 4% |
Other | 0 | 0% |
Unknown | 10 | 43% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 18 | 78% |
Scientists | 4 | 17% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 4% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 84 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 25 | 29% |
Researcher | 14 | 16% |
Student > Master | 8 | 9% |
Student > Postgraduate | 7 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 6 | 7% |
Other | 12 | 14% |
Unknown | 13 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Neuroscience | 16 | 19% |
Psychology | 12 | 14% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 11% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 9% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 7 | 8% |
Other | 11 | 13% |
Unknown | 22 | 26% |