| Title |
Glutamate-glutamine and GABA in brain of normal aged and patients with cognitive impairment
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
European Radiology, December 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00330-016-4669-8 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Dandan Huang, Dan Liu, Jianzhong Yin, Tianyi Qian, Susan Shrestha, Hongyan Ni |
| Abstract |
To explore the changes of glutamate-glutamine (Glx) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain in normal old age and cognitive impairment using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Seventeen normal young controls (NYC), 15 normal elderly controls (NEC), 21 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 17 with Alzheimer disease (AD) patients were included in this study. Glx and GABA+ levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and right hippocampus (rHP) were measured by using a MEGA-PRESS sequence. Glx/Cr and GABA+/Cr ratios were compared between NYC and NEC and between the three elderly groups using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA); the tissue fractions of voxels were used as covariates. The relationships between metabolite ratios and cognitive performance were analysed using Spearman correlation coefficients. For NEC and NYC groups, Glx/Cr and GABA+/Cr ratios were lower in NEC in ACC and rHP. For the three elderly groups, Glx/Cr ratio was lower in AD in ACC compared to NEC and MCI; Glx/Cr ratio was lower in AD in rHP compared to NEC. There was no significant decrease for GABA+/Cr ratio. Glx and GABA levels may decrease simultaneously in normal aged, and Glx level decreased predominantly in AD, and it is helpful in the early diagnosis of AD. • Glx and GABA levels may decrease simultaneously in normal aged. • Glx level may decrease predominantly in Alzheimer disease. • The balance in excitatory-inhibitory systems may be broken in AD. • Decreased Glx level may be helpful in early diagnosis of AD. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 105 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
| Portugal | 1 | <1% |
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 102 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 15 | 14% |
| Researcher | 13 | 12% |
| Student > Bachelor | 11 | 10% |
| Student > Master | 10 | 10% |
| Other | 9 | 9% |
| Other | 23 | 22% |
| Unknown | 24 | 23% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Neuroscience | 22 | 21% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 17 | 16% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 7 | 7% |
| Psychology | 7 | 7% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 4 | 4% |
| Other | 18 | 17% |
| Unknown | 30 | 29% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 7. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 December 2016.
All research outputs
#4,589,292
of 23,534,053 outputs
Outputs from European Radiology
#492
of 4,275 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#83,698
of 423,420 outputs
Outputs of similar age from European Radiology
#11
of 43 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,534,053 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 80th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,275 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.6. This one has done well, scoring higher than 86% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 423,420 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 78% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 43 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 72% of its contemporaries.