Title |
How aluminum, an intracellular ROS generator promotes hepatic and neurological diseases: the metabolic tale
|
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Published in |
Cell Biology and Toxicology, March 2013
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DOI | 10.1007/s10565-013-9239-0 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Sungwon Han, Joseph Lemire, Varun P. Appanna, Christopher Auger, Zachary Castonguay, Vasu D. Appanna |
Abstract |
Metal pollutants are a global health risk due to their ability to contribute to a variety of diseases. Aluminum (Al), a ubiquitous environmental contaminant is implicated in anemia, osteomalacia, hepatic disorder, and neurological disorder. In this review, we outline how this intracellular generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggers a metabolic shift towards lipogenesis in astrocytes and hepatocytes. This Al-evoked phenomenon is coupled to diminished mitochondrial activity, anerobiosis, and the channeling of α-ketoacids towards anti-oxidant defense. The resulting metabolic reconfiguration leads to fat accumulation and a reduction in ATP synthesis, characteristics that are common to numerous medical disorders. Hence, the ability of Al toxicity to create an oxidative environment promotes dysfunctional metabolic processes in astrocytes and hepatocytes. These molecular events triggered by Al-induced ROS production are the potential mediators of brain and liver disorders. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 4 | 27% |
Spain | 1 | 7% |
Canada | 1 | 7% |
Ireland | 1 | 7% |
Unknown | 8 | 53% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 12 | 80% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 7% |
Scientists | 1 | 7% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 7% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Spain | 1 | 1% |
Poland | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 83 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 14 | 16% |
Student > Master | 13 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 8 | 9% |
Lecturer | 6 | 7% |
Other | 17 | 20% |
Unknown | 16 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 15 | 18% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 14% |
Chemistry | 8 | 9% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 7 | 8% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 6% |
Other | 14 | 16% |
Unknown | 24 | 28% |