| Title |
Organophosphate flame retardants in the indoor air and dust in cars in Japan
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, January 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s10661-016-5725-1 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Masahiro Tokumura, Rurika Hatayama, Kouichi Tatsu, Toshiyuki Naito, Tetsuya Takeda, Mohammad Raknuzzaman, Md. Habibullah -Al-Mamun, Shigeki Masunaga |
| Abstract |
The concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) in the indoor air and dust were measured in 25 unoccupied cars in Japan. In the indoor air of the cars, most OPFRs were neither detected nor found at a concentration lower than the method quantification limit. The highest concentration (1500 ng m(-3)) was obtained for tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP). By contrast, many OPFRs were detected in the dust samples collected from the interior of the cars. TCIPP and tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) were present at the highest concentrations at 390 μg g(-1) (in dust from car seats) and 640 μg g(-1) (in dust from car floor mats), respectively. The highest median concentrations (35 μg g(-1) for car seats, 53 μg g(-1) for car floor mats) were obtained for tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP). According to the results of our exposure assessment, the typical exposures to OPFRs via inhalation in car cabins ranged from 9.0×10(-4) to 7.8×10(-1) ng kg-bw(-1) day(-1). The typical exposures to OPFRs via dust ingestion ranged from 9.2×10(-4) to 8.8×10(-1) ng kg-bw(-1) day(-1). We compared these results with the ref-erence doses for OPFRs and found that, based on cur-rent information about the toxicities of OPFRs, exposure to OPFRs in car cabins via inhalation and dust ingestion is unlikely to have adverse human health effects. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 2 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Ireland | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 49 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 49 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 18% |
| Researcher | 7 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 6 | 12% |
| Lecturer | 4 | 8% |
| Student > Bachelor | 3 | 6% |
| Other | 9 | 18% |
| Unknown | 11 | 22% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Science | 15 | 31% |
| Chemistry | 5 | 10% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 4% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 2 | 4% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 4% |
| Other | 10 | 20% |
| Unknown | 13 | 27% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 06 February 2017.
All research outputs
#18,699,725
of 23,854,458 outputs
Outputs from Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
#1,797
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#300,782
of 426,721 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
#27
of 34 outputs
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