Title |
Paleoproteomic study of the Iceman’s brain tissue
|
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Published in |
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, June 2013
|
DOI | 10.1007/s00018-013-1360-y |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Frank Maixner, Thorsten Overath, Dennis Linke, Marek Janko, Gea Guerriero, Bart H. J. van den Berg, Bjoern Stade, Petra Leidinger, Christina Backes, Marta Jaremek, Benny Kneissl, Benjamin Meder, Andre Franke, Eduard Egarter-Vigl, Eckart Meese, Andreas Schwarz, Andreas Tholey, Albert Zink, Andreas Keller |
Abstract |
The Tyrolean Iceman, a Copper-age ice mummy, is one of the best-studied human individuals. While the genome of the Iceman has largely been decoded, tissue-specific proteomes have not yet been investigated. We studied the proteome of two distinct brain samples using gel-based and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based proteomics technologies together with a multiple-databases and -search algorithms-driven data-analysis approach. Thereby, we identified a total of 502 different proteins. Of these, 41 proteins are known to be highly abundant in brain tissue and 9 are even specifically expressed in the brain. Furthermore, we found 10 proteins related to blood and coagulation. An enrichment analysis revealed a significant accumulation of proteins related to stress response and wound healing. Together with atomic force microscope scans, indicating clustered blood cells, our data reopens former discussions about a possible injury of the Iceman's head near the site where the tissue samples have been extracted. |
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Switzerland | 1 | 6% |
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 1 | 6% |
Côte d'Ivoire | 1 | 6% |
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Mexico | 1 | 6% |
Unknown | 3 | 19% |
Demographic breakdown
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Scientists | 3 | 19% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 6% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
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Germany | 1 | 1% |
Italy | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 67 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 20% |
Student > Bachelor | 13 | 19% |
Researcher | 8 | 12% |
Professor | 5 | 7% |
Other | 5 | 7% |
Other | 12 | 17% |
Unknown | 12 | 17% |
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Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 13 | 19% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 10 | 14% |
Arts and Humanities | 7 | 10% |
Computer Science | 3 | 4% |
Other | 8 | 12% |
Unknown | 13 | 19% |