Title |
Hepcidin, a putative mediator of anemia of inflammation, is a type II acute-phase protein
|
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Published in |
Blood, November 2002
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DOI | 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3235 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Elizabeta Nemeth, Erika V. Valore, Mary Territo, Gary Schiller, Alan Lichtenstein, Tomas Ganz |
Abstract |
Hepcidin is a liver-made peptide proposed to be a central regulator of intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling by macrophages. In animal models, hepcidin is induced by inflammation and iron loading, but its regulation in humans has not been studied. We report that urinary excretion of hepcidin was greatly increased in patients with iron overload, infections, or inflammatory diseases. Hepcidin excretion correlated well with serum ferritin levels, which are regulated by similar pathologic stimuli. In vitro iron loading of primary human hepatocytes, however, unexpectedly down-regulated hepcidin mRNA, suggesting that in vivo regulation of hepcidin expression by iron stores involves complex indirect effects. Hepcidin mRNA was dramatically induced by interleukin-6 (IL-6) in vitro, but not by IL-1 or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), demonstrating that human hepcidin is a type II acute-phase reactant. The linkage of hepcidin induction to inflammation in humans supports its proposed role as a key mediator of anemia of inflammation. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | <1% |
Japan | 2 | <1% |
Australia | 1 | <1% |
India | 1 | <1% |
Egypt | 1 | <1% |
Germany | 1 | <1% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
Mexico | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 363 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 57 | 15% |
Researcher | 46 | 12% |
Student > Master | 45 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 35 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 30 | 8% |
Other | 92 | 25% |
Unknown | 68 | 18% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 107 | 29% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 80 | 21% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 48 | 13% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 15 | 4% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 7 | 2% |
Other | 39 | 10% |
Unknown | 77 | 21% |