Title |
Antigen-Specific Bacterial Vaccine Combined with Anti-PD-L1 Rescues Dysfunctional Endogenous T Cells to Reject Long-Established Cancer
|
---|---|
Published in |
Cancer Immunology Research, August 2013
|
DOI | 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-13-0058 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
David C. Binder, Boris Engels, Ainhoa Arina, Ping Yu, James M. Slauch, Yang-Xin Fu, Theodore Karrison, Byron Burnette, Christian Idel, Ming Zhao, Robert M. Hoffman, David H. Munn, Donald A. Rowley, Hans Schreiber |
Abstract |
Immunogenic tumors grow progressively even when heavily infiltrated by CD8(+) T cells. We investigated how to rescue CD8(+) T cell function in long-established immunogenic melanomas that contained a high percentage of endogenous PD-1(+) tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells that were dysfunctional. Treatment with αPD-L1 and αCTLA-4 blocking antibodies did not prevent tumors from progressing rapidly. We then tested exogenous tumor-specific antigen delivery into tumors using Salmonella Typhimurium A1-R to increase antigen levels and generate a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment. Antigen-producing A1-R rescued the endogenous tumor-specific CD8(+) T cell response: proliferation was induced in the lymphoid organs and effector function was recovered in the tumor. Treatment with antigen-producing A1-R led to improved mouse survival and resulted in 32% rejection of long-established immunogenic melanomas. Following treatment with antigen-producing A1-R, the majority of tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells still expressed a high level of PD-1 in the tumor. Combining antigen-producing A1-R with αPD-L1 blocking antibody enhanced the expansion of tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells and resulted in 80% tumor rejection. Collectively, these data demonstrate a powerful new therapeutic approach to rescue dysfunctional endogenous tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells and eradicate advanced immunogenic tumors. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 5 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 4 | 80% |
Scientists | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Germany | 2 | 2% |
United States | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 85 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 23 | 26% |
Researcher | 23 | 26% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 5% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 5% |
Other | 4 | 5% |
Other | 13 | 15% |
Unknown | 17 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 28 | 32% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 16 | 18% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 11 | 13% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 9% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 3% |
Other | 3 | 3% |
Unknown | 19 | 22% |