Title |
The Nature and Nurture of High IQ
|
---|---|
Published in |
Psychological Science, July 2013
|
DOI | 10.1177/0956797612473119 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Angela M. Brant, Yuko Munakata, Dorret I. Boomsma, John C. DeFries, Claire M. A. Haworth, Matthew C. Keller, Nicholas G. Martin, Matthew McGue, Stephen A. Petrill, Robert Plomin, Sally J. Wadsworth, Margaret J. Wright, John K. Hewitt |
Abstract |
IQ predicts many measures of life success, as well as trajectories of brain development. Prolonged cortical thickening observed in individuals with high IQ might reflect an extended period of synaptogenesis and high environmental sensitivity or plasticity. We tested this hypothesis by examining the timing of changes in the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on IQ as a function of IQ score. We found that individuals with high IQ show high environmental influence on IQ into adolescence (resembling younger children), whereas individuals with low IQ show high heritability of IQ in adolescence (resembling adults), a pattern consistent with an extended sensitive period for intellectual development in more-intelligent individuals. The pattern held across a cross-sectional sample of almost 11,000 twin pairs and a longitudinal sample of twins, biological siblings, and adoptive siblings. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 11 | 15% |
United Kingdom | 6 | 8% |
Canada | 2 | 3% |
Australia | 2 | 3% |
New Zealand | 2 | 3% |
France | 1 | 1% |
Japan | 1 | 1% |
Peru | 1 | 1% |
Saudi Arabia | 1 | 1% |
Other | 3 | 4% |
Unknown | 44 | 59% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 57 | 77% |
Scientists | 11 | 15% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 6 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 8 | 4% |
United Kingdom | 4 | 2% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Australia | 1 | <1% |
Czechia | 1 | <1% |
Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
Chile | 1 | <1% |
Japan | 1 | <1% |
Other | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 196 | 91% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 36 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 32 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 29 | 13% |
Student > Master | 21 | 10% |
Professor | 16 | 7% |
Other | 55 | 25% |
Unknown | 27 | 13% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 111 | 51% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 6% |
Social Sciences | 11 | 5% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 9 | 4% |
Neuroscience | 9 | 4% |
Other | 31 | 14% |
Unknown | 33 | 15% |