| Title |
Levorphanol: the forgotten opioid
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Supportive Care in Cancer, October 2006
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00520-006-0146-2 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Eric Prommer |
| Abstract |
Levorphanol (levo-3-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan) is a strong opioid that is the only available opioid agonist of the morphinan series. Levorphanol was originally synthesized as a pharmacological alternative to morphine more than 40 years ago. It is considered a step-3 opioid by the World Health Organization (WHO) and has a greater potency than morphine. Analgesia produced by levorphanol is mediated via its interactions with mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. Levorphanol is also an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. There is evidence that levorphanol may inhibit uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. Similar to morphine, levorphanol undergoes glucuronidation in the liver, and the glucuronidated products are excreted in the kidney. Levorphanol can be given orally, intravenously, and subcutaneously. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 41 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 40 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 7 | 17% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 4 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 4 | 10% |
| Professor | 3 | 7% |
| Other | 3 | 7% |
| Other | 10 | 24% |
| Unknown | 10 | 24% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 16 | 39% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 7% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 7% |
| Chemistry | 3 | 7% |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 3 | 7% |
| Unknown | 12 | 29% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 4. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 11 August 2015.
All research outputs
#6,926,808
of 22,713,403 outputs
Outputs from Supportive Care in Cancer
#1,680
of 4,545 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#22,094
of 66,347 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Supportive Care in Cancer
#8
of 20 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,713,403 research outputs across all sources so far. This one has received more attention than most of these and is in the 68th percentile.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,545 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.7. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 62% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 66,347 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 65% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 20 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 55% of its contemporaries.