| Title |
Molecular mechanism of action of metformin: old or new insights?
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Diabetologia, July 2013
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00125-013-2991-0 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Graham Rena, Ewan R. Pearson, Kei Sakamoto |
| Abstract |
Metformin is the first-line drug treatment for type 2 diabetes. Globally, over 100 million patients are prescribed this drug annually. Metformin was discovered before the era of target-based drug discovery and its molecular mechanism of action remains an area of vigorous diabetes research. An improvement in our understanding of metformin's molecular targets is likely to enable target-based identification of second-generation drugs with similar properties, a development that has been impossible up to now. The notion that 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mediates the anti-hyperglycaemic action of metformin has recently been challenged by genetic loss-of-function studies, thrusting the AMPK-independent effects of the drug into the spotlight for the first time in more than a decade. Key AMPK-independent effects of the drug include the mitochondrial actions that have been known for many years and which are still thought to be the primary site of action of metformin. Coupled with recent evidence of AMPK-independent effects on the counter-regulatory hormone glucagon, new paradigms of AMPK-independent drug action are beginning to take shape. In this review we summarise the recent research developments on the molecular action of metformin. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 12 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | 25% |
| Singapore | 1 | 8% |
| Italy | 1 | 8% |
| Kuwait | 1 | 8% |
| Chile | 1 | 8% |
| Germany | 1 | 8% |
| Netherlands | 1 | 8% |
| Unknown | 3 | 25% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 11 | 92% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 736 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 4 | <1% |
| United Kingdom | 3 | <1% |
| Germany | 2 | <1% |
| Japan | 2 | <1% |
| Spain | 2 | <1% |
| South Africa | 1 | <1% |
| Finland | 1 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| France | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 7 | <1% |
| Unknown | 712 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 167 | 23% |
| Student > Master | 95 | 13% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 77 | 10% |
| Researcher | 72 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 38 | 5% |
| Other | 137 | 19% |
| Unknown | 150 | 20% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 172 | 23% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 117 | 16% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 97 | 13% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 64 | 9% |
| Chemistry | 43 | 6% |
| Other | 63 | 9% |
| Unknown | 180 | 24% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 14. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 09 April 2024.
All research outputs
#2,644,563
of 25,837,817 outputs
Outputs from Diabetologia
#1,326
of 5,621 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#21,712
of 208,793 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Diabetologia
#8
of 47 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,837,817 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 89th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 5,621 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 24.1. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 72% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 208,793 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 89% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 47 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 82% of its contemporaries.