The number of microvascular complications is associated with an increased risk for severity of periodontitis in type 2 diabetes patients: Results of a multicenter hospital‐based cross‐sectional study

Hiroshi Nitta, Sayaka Katagiri, Toshiyuki Nagasawa, Yuichi Izumi, Isao Ishikawa, Hajime Izumiyama, Isao Uchimura, Masao Kanazawa, Hiroshige Chiba, Akira Matsuo, Kazunori Utsunomiya, Haruyasu Tanabe, Izumi Takei, Soichiro Asanami, Hiroshi Kajio, Toaki Ono, Yoichi Hayashi, Kiichi Ueki, Masatomi Tsuji, Yoichi Kurachi, Toshikazu Yamanouchi, Yoshimi Ichinokawa, Toshiki Inokuchi, Akiko Fukui, Shigeru Miyazaki, Takashi Miyauchi, Reiko Kawahara, Hideki Ogiuchi, Narihito Yoshioka, Jun Negishi, Masatomo Mori, Kenji Mogi, Yasushi Saito, Hideki Tanzawa, Tetsuo Nishikawa, Norihiko Takada, Kishio Nanjo, Nobuo Morita, Naoto Nakamura, Narisato Kanamura, Hirofumi Makino, Fusanori Nishimura, Kunihisa Kobayashi, Yoshinori Higuchi, Toshiie Sakata, Shigetaka Yanagisawa, Chuwa Tei, Yuichi Ando, Nobuhiro Hanada, Shuji Inoue

To explore the relationships between periodontitis and microvascular complications as well as glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. This multi-center hospital-based cross-sectional study included 620 patients with type 2 diabetes. We compared the prevalence and severity of periodontitis between patients with ≥1 microvascular complication and those without microvascular complications. We also compared the prevalence and severity of periodontitis among patients with different degrees of glycemic control. After adjusting for confounding factors, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the severity of periodontitis was significantly associated with the number of microvascular complications (OR 1.3; 95%Cl, 1.1-1.6), HbA1c ≥8.0% (64 mmol/mol) (OR 1.6; 95%Cl, 1.1-2.3), and older age (≥50 years) (OR 1.7; 95%Cl, 1.1-2.6). However, the prevalence of periodontitis was not significantly associated with the number of microvascular complications, but was associated with male sex, high HbA1c (≥8.0% [64 mmol/mol]), older age (≥40 years), longer duration of diabetes (≥15 years), and fewer teeth (≤25). Furthermore, propensity score matching for age, sex, diabetes duration, and HbA1c showed that the incidence of severe periodontitis was significantly higher among patients with microvascular complications than among those without microvascular complications (P < 0.05). The number of microvascular complications is a risk factor for more severe periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes, while poor glycemic control is a risk factor for increased prevalence and severity of periodontitis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.