Title |
Pathophysiology of Bone Fragility in Patients with Diabetes
|
---|---|
Published in |
Calcified Tissue International, February 2017
|
DOI | 10.1007/s00223-016-0226-3 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Andrea Palermo, Luca D’Onofrio, Raffaella Buzzetti, Silvia Manfrini, Nicola Napoli |
Abstract |
It has been well established that bone fragility is one of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, and both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are risk factors for fragility fractures. Diabetes may negatively affect bone health by unbalancing several pathways: bone formation, bone resorption, collagen formation, inflammatory cytokine, muscular and incretin system, bone marrow adiposity and calcium metabolism. The purpose of this narrative review is to explore the current understanding of pathophysiological pathways underlying bone fragility in diabetics. In particular, the review will focus on the peculiar cellular and molecular system impairment that may lead to increased risk of fracture in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Australia | 2 | 11% |
United States | 2 | 11% |
Brazil | 2 | 11% |
France | 1 | 6% |
India | 1 | 6% |
Canada | 1 | 6% |
Nigeria | 1 | 6% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 6% |
Denmark | 1 | 6% |
Other | 3 | 17% |
Unknown | 3 | 17% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 10 | 56% |
Scientists | 7 | 39% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 6% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 101 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 17 | 17% |
Researcher | 14 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 9 | 9% |
Professor | 8 | 8% |
Other | 7 | 7% |
Other | 18 | 18% |
Unknown | 28 | 28% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 34 | 34% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 4 | 4% |
Materials Science | 4 | 4% |
Neuroscience | 3 | 3% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 2% |
Other | 15 | 15% |
Unknown | 39 | 39% |