| Title |
Sex Differences in Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Clinical Pharmacokinetics, September 2012
|
| DOI | 10.2165/00003088-200948030-00001 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Offie P. Soldin, Donald R. Mattison |
| Abstract |
Significant differences that exist between the sexes affect the prevalence, incidence and severity of a broad range of diseases and conditions. Men and women also differ in their response to drug treatment. It is therefore essential to understand these reactions in order to appropriately conduct risk assessment and to design safe and effective treatments. Even from that modest perspective, how and when we use drugs can result in unwanted and unexpected outcomes. This review summarizes the sex-based differences that impact on pharmacokinetics, and includes a general comparison of clinical pharmacology as it applies to men, women and pregnant women. Sex-related or pregnancy-induced changes in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, when significant, may guide changes in dosage regimen or therapeutic monitoring to increase its effectiveness or reduce potential toxicity. Given those parameters, and our knowledge of sex differences, we can derive essentially all factors necessary for therapeutic optimization. Since this is a rapidly evolving area, it is essential for the practitioner to review drug prescribing information and recent literature in order to fully understand the impact of these differences on clinical therapeutics. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 88 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 14 | 16% |
| United States | 10 | 11% |
| Australia | 2 | 2% |
| Canada | 1 | 1% |
| France | 1 | 1% |
| Brazil | 1 | 1% |
| India | 1 | 1% |
| Portugal | 1 | 1% |
| Sweden | 1 | 1% |
| Other | 3 | 3% |
| Unknown | 53 | 60% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 78 | 89% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 5 | 6% |
| Scientists | 3 | 3% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 2% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 660 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 659 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 102 | 15% |
| Student > Bachelor | 86 | 13% |
| Student > Master | 69 | 10% |
| Researcher | 61 | 9% |
| Other | 33 | 5% |
| Other | 96 | 15% |
| Unknown | 213 | 32% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 115 | 17% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 82 | 12% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 54 | 8% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 46 | 7% |
| Neuroscience | 30 | 5% |
| Other | 103 | 16% |
| Unknown | 230 | 35% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 271. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 10 April 2024.
All research outputs
#134,722
of 25,718,113 outputs
Outputs from Clinical Pharmacokinetics
#3
of 1,614 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#592
of 187,840 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical Pharmacokinetics
#2
of 452 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 1,614 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.3. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 452 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.