| Title |
Stainless steel cookware as a significant source of nickel, chromium, and iron
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, August 1992
|
| DOI | 10.1007/bf00212277 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Joel Kuligowski, Kopl M. Halperin |
| Abstract |
Stainless steels are widely used materials in food preparation and in home and commercial cookware. Stainless is readily attacked by organic acids, particularly at cooking temperatures; hence iron, chromium, and nickel should be released from the material into the food. Nickel is implicated in numerous health problems, notably allergic contact dermatitis. Conversely, chromium and iron are essential nutrients for which stainless could be a useful source. Home cookware was examined by atomic absorption spectroscopy: seven different stainless utensils as well as cast iron, mild steel, aluminum and enamelled steel. The materials were exposed to mildly acidic conditions at boiling temperature. Nickel was a major corrosion product from stainless steel utensils; chromium and iron were also detected. It is recommended that nickel-sensitive patients switch to a material other than stainless, and that the stainless steel cookware industry seriously consider switching to a non-nickel formulation. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 5 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | 1 | 20% |
| Turkey | 1 | 20% |
| Sweden | 1 | 20% |
| Unknown | 2 | 40% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 5 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 64 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 2% |
| Korea, Republic of | 1 | 2% |
| Canada | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 61 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 12 | 19% |
| Student > Master | 8 | 13% |
| Researcher | 7 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 5 | 8% |
| Other | 5 | 8% |
| Other | 10 | 16% |
| Unknown | 17 | 27% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Chemistry | 11 | 17% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 10 | 16% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 13% |
| Engineering | 5 | 8% |
| Environmental Science | 3 | 5% |
| Other | 7 | 11% |
| Unknown | 20 | 31% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 19. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 14 March 2023.
All research outputs
#1,719,664
of 23,806,312 outputs
Outputs from Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
#48
of 2,093 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#362
of 19,315 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
#1
of 7 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,806,312 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 92nd percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,093 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.6. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 97% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 19,315 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 98% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 7 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has scored higher than all of them