Title |
Genome-wide association analysis identifies 13 new risk loci for schizophrenia
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Published in |
Nature Genetics, August 2013
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DOI | 10.1038/ng.2742 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Peter Donnelly, Ines Barroso, Jenefer M Blackwell, Elvira Bramon, Matthew A Brown, Juan P Casas, Aiden P Corvin, Panos Deloukas, Audrey Duncanson, Janusz Jankowski, Hugh S Markus, Christopher G Mathew, Colin N A Palmer, Robert Plomin, Anna Rautanen, Stephen J Sawcer, Richard C Trembath, Ananth C Viswanathan, Nicholas W Wood, Chris C A Spencer, Gavin Band, Céline Bellenguez, Colin Freeman, Garrett Hellenthal, Eleni Giannoulatou, Matti Pirinen, Richard D Pearson, Amy Strange, Zhan Su, Damjan Vukcevic, Peter Donnelly, Cordelia Langford, Sarah E Hunt, Sarah Edkins, Rhian Gwilliam, Hannah Blackburn, Suzannah J Bumpstead, Serge Dronov, Matthew Gillman, Emma Gray, Naomi Hammond, Alagurevathi Jayakumar, Owen T McCann, Jennifer Liddle, Simon C Potter, Radhi Ravindrarajah, Michelle Ricketts, Avazeh Tashakkori-Ghanbaria, Matthew J Waller, Paul Weston, Sara Widaa, Pamela Whittaker, Ines Barroso, Panos Deloukas, Christopher G Mathew, Jenefer M Blackwell, Matthew A Brown, Aiden P Corvin, Mark I McCarthy, Chris C A Spencer |
Abstract |
Schizophrenia is an idiopathic mental disorder with a heritable component and a substantial public health impact. We conducted a multi-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) for schizophrenia beginning with a Swedish national sample (5,001 cases and 6,243 controls) followed by meta-analysis with previous schizophrenia GWAS (8,832 cases and 12,067 controls) and finally by replication of SNPs in 168 genomic regions in independent samples (7,413 cases, 19,762 controls and 581 parent-offspring trios). We identified 22 loci associated at genome-wide significance; 13 of these are new, and 1 was previously implicated in bipolar disorder. Examination of candidate genes at these loci suggests the involvement of neuronal calcium signaling. We estimate that 8,300 independent, mostly common SNPs (95% credible interval of 6,300-10,200 SNPs) contribute to risk for schizophrenia and that these collectively account for at least 32% of the variance in liability. Common genetic variation has an important role in the etiology of schizophrenia, and larger studies will allow more detailed understanding of this disorder. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 21 | 33% |
United Kingdom | 9 | 14% |
France | 3 | 5% |
Ireland | 2 | 3% |
Saudi Arabia | 2 | 3% |
Japan | 2 | 3% |
Colombia | 1 | 2% |
Spain | 1 | 2% |
Australia | 1 | 2% |
Other | 6 | 10% |
Unknown | 15 | 24% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 33 | 52% |
Scientists | 18 | 29% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 10 | 16% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 14 | 1% |
United Kingdom | 13 | <1% |
Germany | 4 | <1% |
Italy | 4 | <1% |
Spain | 3 | <1% |
Portugal | 2 | <1% |
Netherlands | 2 | <1% |
Brazil | 2 | <1% |
Finland | 2 | <1% |
Other | 12 | <1% |
Unknown | 1280 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 247 | 18% |
Researcher | 238 | 18% |
Student > Bachelor | 168 | 13% |
Student > Master | 141 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 73 | 5% |
Other | 241 | 18% |
Unknown | 230 | 17% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 331 | 25% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 185 | 14% |
Neuroscience | 160 | 12% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 159 | 12% |
Psychology | 107 | 8% |
Other | 115 | 9% |
Unknown | 281 | 21% |