Title |
Consensus-based recommendations for investigating clinical heterogeneity in systematic reviews
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Published in |
BMC Medical Research Methodology, August 2013
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DOI | 10.1186/1471-2288-13-106 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Joel J Gagnier, Hal Morgenstern, Doug G Altman, Jesse Berlin, Stephanie Chang, Peter McCulloch, Xin Sun, David Moher, for the Ann Arbor Clinical Heterogeneity Consensus Group |
Abstract |
Critics of systematic reviews have argued that these studies often fail to inform clinical decision making because their results are far too general, that the data are sparse, such that findings cannot be applied to individual patients or for other decision making. While there is some consensus on methods for investigating statistical and methodological heterogeneity, little attention has been paid to clinical aspects of heterogeneity. Clinical heterogeneity, true effect heterogeneity, can be defined as variability among studies in the participants, the types or timing of outcome measurements, and the intervention characteristics. The objective of this project was to develop recommendations for investigating clinical heterogeneity in systematic reviews. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 2 | 40% |
Canada | 1 | 20% |
Spain | 1 | 20% |
Unknown | 1 | 20% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 3 | 60% |
Scientists | 2 | 40% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 1 | 1% |
Pakistan | 1 | 1% |
France | 1 | 1% |
Germany | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 89 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 16 | 17% |
Student > Master | 12 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 11 | 12% |
Researcher | 10 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 9 | 10% |
Other | 21 | 23% |
Unknown | 14 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 42 | 45% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 13 | 14% |
Psychology | 6 | 6% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 5% |
Computer Science | 3 | 3% |
Other | 8 | 9% |
Unknown | 16 | 17% |