| Title |
Pharmacogenetics in Primary Care: The Promise of Personalized Medicine and the Reality of Racial Profiling
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, December 2012
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s11013-012-9303-x |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Linda M. Hunt, Meta J. Kreiner |
| Abstract |
Many anticipate that expanding knowledge of genetic variations associated with disease risk and medication response will revolutionize clinical medicine, making possible genetically based Personalized Medicine where health care can be tailored to individuals, based on their genome scans. Pharmacogenetics has received especially strong interest, with many pharmaceutical developers avidly working to identify genetic variations associated with individual differences in drug response. While clinical applications of emerging genetic knowledge are becoming increasingly available, genetic tests for drug selection are not as yet widely accessible, and many primary care clinicians are unprepared to interpret genetic information. We conducted interviews with 58 primary care clinicians, exploring how they integrate emerging pharmacogenetic concepts into their practices. We found that in their current practices, pharmacogenetic innovations have not led to individually tailored treatment, but instead have encouraged use of essentialized racial/ethnic identity as a proxy for genetic heritage. Current manifestations of Personalized Medicine appear to be reinforcing entrenched notions of inherent biological differences between racial groups, and promoting the belief that racial profiling in health care is supported by cutting-edge scientific authority. Our findings raise concern for how pharmacogenetic innovations will actually affect diverse populations, and how unbiased treatment can be assured. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 33% |
| Canada | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 67% |
| Scientists | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 77 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 1% |
| Unknown | 76 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 16 | 21% |
| Student > Master | 14 | 18% |
| Researcher | 13 | 17% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 6% |
| Other | 13 | 17% |
| Unknown | 10 | 13% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 16% |
| Social Sciences | 11 | 14% |
| Psychology | 8 | 10% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 4 | 5% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 5% |
| Other | 27 | 35% |
| Unknown | 11 | 14% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 16. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 30 July 2019.
All research outputs
#2,123,403
of 23,906,448 outputs
Outputs from Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry
#94
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Outputs of similar age
#20,862
of 287,255 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry
#1
of 10 outputs
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