Title |
Dietary Nitrates, Nitrites, and Cardiovascular Disease
|
---|---|
Published in |
Current Atherosclerosis Reports, October 2011
|
DOI | 10.1007/s11883-011-0209-9 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Norman G. Hord |
Abstract |
Dietary nitrate (NO(3)), nitrite (NO(2)), and arginine can serve as sources for production of NO(x) (a diverse group of metabolites including nitric oxide, nitrosothiols, and nitroalkenes) via ultraviolet light exposure to skin, mammalian nitrate/nitrite reductases in tissues, and nitric oxide synthase enzymes, respectively. NO(x) are responsible for the hypotensive, antiplatelet, and cytoprotective effects of dietary nitrates and nitrites. Current regulatory limits on nitrate intakes, based on concerns regarding potential risk of carcinogenicity and methemoglobinemia, are exceeded by normal daily intakes of single foods, such as soya milk and spinach, as well as by some recommended dietary patterns such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet. This review includes a call for regulatory bodies to consider all available data on the beneficial physiologic roles of nitrate and nitrite in order to derive rational bases for dietary recommendations. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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New Zealand | 1 | 20% |
United States | 1 | 20% |
Unknown | 3 | 60% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 2 | 40% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 40% |
Scientists | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 3 | 3% |
India | 1 | <1% |
Ireland | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 107 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 18 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 16 | 14% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 13% |
Researcher | 12 | 11% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 5 | 4% |
Other | 21 | 19% |
Unknown | 26 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 22 | 20% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 21 | 19% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 10 | 9% |
Sports and Recreations | 7 | 6% |
Chemistry | 7 | 6% |
Other | 15 | 13% |
Unknown | 30 | 27% |