Title |
A Study on the Geophylogeny of Clinical and Environmental Vibrio cholerae in Kenya
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Published in |
PLOS ONE, September 2013
|
DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0074829 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
John Kiiru, Ankur Mutreja, Ahmed Abade Mohamed, Racheal W. Kimani, Joyce Mwituria, Robert Onsare Sanaya, Jane Muyodi, Gunturu Revathi, Julian Parkhill, Nicholas Thomson, Gordon Dougan, Samuel Kariuki |
Abstract |
Cholera remains a significant public health challenge in many sub-Saharan countries including Kenya. We have performed a combination of phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis based on whole genome DNA sequences derived from 40 environmental and 57 clinical V. cholerae from different regions of Kenya isolated between 2005 and 2010. Some environmental and all clinical isolates mapped back onto wave three of the monophyletic seventh pandemic V. cholerae El Tor phylogeny but other environmental isolates were phylogenetically very distinct. Thus, the genomes of the Kenyan V. cholerae O1 El Tor isolates are clonally related to other El Tor V. cholerae isolated elsewhere in the world and similarly harbour antibiotic resistance-associated STX elements. Further, the Kenyan O1 El Tor isolates fall into two distinct clades that may have entered Kenya independently. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 1 | 33% |
Canada | 1 | 33% |
Unknown | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 2 | 67% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 71 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Master | 17 | 24% |
Researcher | 11 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 14% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 4% |
Student > Bachelor | 3 | 4% |
Other | 13 | 18% |
Unknown | 15 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 16 | 22% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 11 | 15% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 10 | 14% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 6% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 4 | 6% |
Other | 9 | 13% |
Unknown | 18 | 25% |