| Title |
Immunizations and risk of multiple sclerosis: systematic review and meta-analysis
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Journal of Neurology, March 2011
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00415-011-5984-2 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Mauricio F. Farez, Jorge Correale |
| Abstract |
The role of vaccinations in risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) or in risk of relapse has not been well established. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of immunizations on risk of developing MS in adults as well as in subsequent risk of relapse. Systematic search for publications in MEDLINE (1966-January 2011), EMBASE (1977-January 2011) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (1961-January 2011). Both randomized clinical trials and non-randomized studies addressing the effect of any Center for Diseases Control (CDC) recommended vaccine for children, adults or travelers and BCG on risk of MS or disease relapse were included. Two reviewers independently extracted information from articles selected using a predefined datasheet. No significant change in the risk of developing MS after vaccination was found for BCG (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.69-1.34), Hepatitis B (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.74-1.37), Influenza (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.77-1.23), Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.64-1.61), Polio (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.61-1.25) and Typhoid fever (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.72-1.53). We found decreased risk of developing MS for Diphtheria (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.40-0.90) and Tetanus (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.54-0.84). Influenza immunization was also associated with no change in risk of MS relapse (RR 1.24, 95% CI 0.89-1.72). Risk of developing multiple sclerosis remained unchanged after BCG, Hepatitis B, Influenza, MMR, Polio and Typhoid fever immunization, whereas diphtheria and tetanus vaccination may be associated with a decreased risk of MS. Further research is needed for the remaining vaccines. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 14 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 7% |
| Poland | 1 | 7% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 7% |
| Norway | 1 | 7% |
| Unknown | 10 | 71% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 10 | 71% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 21% |
| Scientists | 1 | 7% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 116 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | 2 | 2% |
| South Africa | 2 | 2% |
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| Portugal | 1 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 109 | 94% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 23 | 20% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 18 | 16% |
| Student > Bachelor | 13 | 11% |
| Student > Master | 11 | 9% |
| Other | 10 | 9% |
| Other | 20 | 17% |
| Unknown | 21 | 18% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 53 | 46% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 7% |
| Neuroscience | 7 | 6% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 4 | 3% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 3% |
| Other | 16 | 14% |
| Unknown | 24 | 21% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 26. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 14 December 2023.
All research outputs
#1,469,095
of 25,481,734 outputs
Outputs from Journal of Neurology
#191
of 4,985 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#5,580
of 119,580 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Journal of Neurology
#5
of 40 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,481,734 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 94th percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,985 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 8.7. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 96% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 40 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 90% of its contemporaries.