Title |
Atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and sarcopenia
|
---|---|
Published in |
Endocrine, July 2012
|
DOI | 10.1007/s12020-012-9751-7 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Jonathan P. Gumucio, Christopher L. Mendias |
Abstract |
Sarcopenia is one of the leading causes of disability in the elderly. Despite the growing prevalence of sarcopenia, the molecular mechanisms that control aging-related changes in muscle mass are not fully understood. The ubiquitin proteasome system is one of the major pathways that regulate muscle protein degradation, and this system plays a central role in controlling muscle size. Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 are two E3 ubiquitin ligases that are important regulators of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation in skeletal muscle. In this review, we will discuss: (i) aging-related changes to skeletal muscle structure and function; (ii) the regulation of protein synthesis and protein degradation by IGF-1, TGF-β, and myostatin, with emphasis on the control of atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 expression; and (iii) the potential for modulating atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 expression to treat or prevent sarcopenia. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Norway | 2 | 29% |
United Kingdom | 2 | 29% |
United States | 1 | 14% |
Portugal | 1 | 14% |
Unknown | 1 | 14% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 3 | 43% |
Scientists | 2 | 29% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 29% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Japan | 2 | <1% |
Brazil | 2 | <1% |
Portugal | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 272 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 51 | 18% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 43 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 40 | 14% |
Researcher | 27 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 14 | 5% |
Other | 37 | 13% |
Unknown | 67 | 24% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 52 | 19% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 49 | 18% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 44 | 16% |
Sports and Recreations | 24 | 9% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 12 | 4% |
Other | 25 | 9% |
Unknown | 73 | 26% |