Title |
What skilled typists don’t know about the QWERTY keyboard
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Published in |
Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, October 2013
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DOI | 10.3758/s13414-013-0548-4 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Kristy M. Snyder, Yuki Ashitaka, Hiroyuki Shimada, Jana E. Ulrich, Gordon D. Logan |
Abstract |
We conducted four experiments to investigate skilled typists' explicit knowledge of the locations of keys on the QWERTY keyboard, with three procedures: free recall (Exp. 1), cued recall (Exp. 2), and recognition (Exp. 3). We found that skilled typists' explicit knowledge of key locations is incomplete and inaccurate. The findings are consistent with theories of skilled performance and automaticity that associate implicit knowledge with skilled performance and explicit knowledge with novice performance. In Experiment 4, we investigated whether novice typists acquire more complete explicit knowledge of key locations when learning to touch-type. We had skilled QWERTY typists complete a Dvorak touch-typing tutorial. We then tested their explicit knowledge of the Dvorak and QWERTY key locations with the free recall task. We found no difference in explicit knowledge of the two keyboards, suggesting that typists know little about key locations on the keyboard, whether they are exposed to the keyboard for 2 h or 12 years. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 6 | 30% |
United Kingdom | 3 | 15% |
Japan | 1 | 5% |
Finland | 1 | 5% |
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 1 | 5% |
Ireland | 1 | 5% |
India | 1 | 5% |
Comoros | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 5 | 25% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 12 | 60% |
Scientists | 7 | 35% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 5% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 1 | 2% |
United States | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 57 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 19% |
Student > Bachelor | 11 | 19% |
Researcher | 9 | 15% |
Student > Master | 8 | 14% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 5% |
Other | 8 | 14% |
Unknown | 9 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 25 | 42% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 6 | 10% |
Computer Science | 4 | 7% |
Social Sciences | 3 | 5% |
Design | 2 | 3% |
Other | 7 | 12% |
Unknown | 12 | 20% |