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Comparison between landmark and surface-based three-dimensional analyses of facial asymmetry in adults

Overview of attention for article published in European Journal of Orthodontics, October 2013
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Title
Comparison between landmark and surface-based three-dimensional analyses of facial asymmetry in adults
Published in
European Journal of Orthodontics, October 2013
DOI 10.1093/ejo/cjt075
Pubmed ID
Authors

M Alqattan, J Djordjevic, A I Zhurov, S Richmond

Abstract

Background/Objectives:To collect the reference values for facial asymmetry in adults using landmark and surface-based three-dimensional analyses and to compare their diagnostic abilities.Materials and Methods:Laser scans were taken from 85 British Caucasians, 29 males (23.9±5.7 years, range 19-44) and 56 females (28.1±9.5 years, range 19-54), students and staff of the Cardiff Dental Hospital, and three orthodontic patients with marked facial asymmetry. An asymmetry index (AI) was measured for 14 landmarks. The surface-to-surface average distance between the best-fit registered original and mirror scans (ADom) was measured for the whole face and six regions. Non-parametric descriptive statistics was used to obtain the reference values, and Mann-Whitney U-test was used for gender comparison. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Patients' values were compared to the reference values by calculating the corresponding percentiles.Results:The lowest AI was found for 'pronasale' in males [median 0.1 (interquartile range 0.0-0.3) mm] and the highest for 'cheilion' [3.5 (2.4-5.0) mm] in females. The ADom for the whole face was 0.7 (0.5-0.9) mm in males and 0.6 (0.5-0.7) mm in females and regionally between 0.4 (0.3-0.6) mm and 0.8 (0.4-1.2) mm. In orthodontic patients, AI did not always reveal asymmetry in a particular coordinate plane, and surface-based analysis was favourable in regions underrepresented by landmarks.Conclusions:Facial asymmetry can be accurately quantified using landmark- and surface-based approaches. The latter offers a more comprehensive analysis of the face.

Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 95 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Japan 1 1%
Germany 1 1%
Brazil 1 1%
Egypt 1 1%
Unknown 91 96%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 16 17%
Student > Master 13 14%
Student > Bachelor 12 13%
Researcher 11 12%
Other 8 8%
Other 20 21%
Unknown 15 16%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Medicine and Dentistry 57 60%
Engineering 8 8%
Computer Science 4 4%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 4 4%
Unspecified 2 2%
Other 5 5%
Unknown 15 16%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 23 January 2015.
All research outputs
#18,351,676
of 22,727,570 outputs
Outputs from European Journal of Orthodontics
#617
of 846 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#157,964
of 212,101 outputs
Outputs of similar age from European Journal of Orthodontics
#5
of 9 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,727,570 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 11th percentile – i.e., 11% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 846 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 3.0. This one is in the 18th percentile – i.e., 18% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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