Title |
The Allocation of Time and Risk of Lyme: A Case of Ecosystem Service Income and Substitution Effects
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Published in |
Environmental and Resource Economics, April 2017
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DOI | 10.1007/s10640-017-0142-7 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Kevin Berry, Jude Bayham, Spencer R. Meyer, Eli P. Fenichel |
Abstract |
Forests are often touted for their ecosystem services, including outdoor recreation. Historically forests were a source of danger and were avoided. Forests continue to be reservoirs for infectious diseases and their vectors - a disservice. We examine how this disservice undermines the potential recreational services by measuring the human response to environmental risk using exogenous variation in the risk of contracting Lyme Disease. We find evidence that individuals substitute away from spending time outdoors when there is greater risk of Lyme Disease infection. Individuals facing a higher risk of infection substitute away from outdoor leisure. On average individuals spent 1.54 fewer minutes outdoors at the average, 72 U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), confirmed cases of Lyme Disease. We estimate lost outdoor recreation of 9.41 hours per year per person in an average county in the North Eastern United States and an aggregate welfare loss on the order $2.8 billion to $5.0 billion per year. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 1 | 50% |
Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Scientists | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 65 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 14 | 22% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 14% |
Student > Master | 9 | 14% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 8% |
Professor | 3 | 5% |
Other | 8 | 12% |
Unknown | 17 | 26% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Economics, Econometrics and Finance | 11 | 17% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 12% |
Environmental Science | 7 | 11% |
Social Sciences | 4 | 6% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 3 | 5% |
Other | 13 | 20% |
Unknown | 19 | 29% |