Title |
Pivotal Advance: Avian colony‐stimulating factor 1 (CSF‐1), interleukin‐34 (IL‐34), and CSF‐1 receptor genes and gene products
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Published in |
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, January 2010
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DOI | 10.1189/jlb.0909624 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Valerie Garceau, Jacqueline Smith, Ian R. Paton, Megan Davey, Mario A. Fares, David P. Sester, David W. Burt, David A. Hume |
Abstract |
Macrophages are involved in many aspects of development, host defense, pathology, and homeostasis. Their normal differentiation, proliferation, and survival are controlled by CSF-1 via the activation of the CSF1R. A recently discovered cytokine, IL-34, was shown to bind the same receptor in humans. Chicken is a widely used model organism in developmental biology, but the factors that control avian myelopoiesis have not been identified previously. The CSF-1, IL-34, and CSF1R genes in chicken and zebra finch were identified from respective genomic/cDNA sequence resources. Comparative analysis of the avian CSF1R loci revealed likely orthologs of mammalian macrophage-specific promoters and enhancers, and the CSF1R gene is expressed in the developing chick embryo in a pattern consistent with macrophage-specific expression. Chicken CSF-1 and IL-34 were expressed in HEK293 cells and shown to elicit macrophage growth from chicken BM cells in culture. Comparative sequence and co-evolution analysis across all vertebrates suggests that the two ligands interact with distinct regions of the CSF1R. These studies demonstrate that there are two separate ligands for a functional CSF1R across all vertebrates. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 1 | 1% |
Spain | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 97 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 22 | 22% |
Researcher | 21 | 21% |
Student > Master | 13 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 11 | 11% |
Professor | 7 | 7% |
Other | 10 | 10% |
Unknown | 15 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
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Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 22 | 22% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 9% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 6 | 6% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 2% |
Other | 5 | 5% |
Unknown | 17 | 17% |