Title |
Heliox for croup in children
|
---|---|
Published in |
Cochrane database of systematic reviews, December 2013
|
DOI | 10.1002/14651858.cd006822.pub4 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Irene Moraa, Nancy Sturman, Treasure McGuire, Mieke L van Driel |
Abstract |
Croup is thought to be triggered by a viral infection and is characterised by respiratory distress due to upper airway inflammation and swelling of the subglottic mucosa in children. Mostly it is mild and transient and resolves with supportive care. In moderate to severe cases, treatment with corticosteroids and nebulised epinephrine (adrenaline) is required. Corticosteroids improve symptoms but it takes time for a full effect to be achieved. In the interim, the child is at risk of further deterioration. This may rarely result in respiratory failure necessitating emergency intubation and ventilation. Nebulised epinephrine may result in dose-related adverse effects including tachycardia, arrhythmias and hypertension and its benefit may be short-lived. Helium-oxygen (heliox) inhalation has shown therapeutic benefit in initial treatment of acute respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and may prevent morbidity and mortality in ventilated neonates. Heliox has been used during emergency transport of children with severe croup and anecdotal evidence suggests that heliox relieves respiratory distress. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Spain | 7 | 20% |
Canada | 6 | 17% |
United Kingdom | 5 | 14% |
Mexico | 1 | 3% |
Australia | 1 | 3% |
United States | 1 | 3% |
Saudi Arabia | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 13 | 37% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 32 | 91% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 9% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Denmark | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 99 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 21 | 21% |
Student > Bachelor | 18 | 18% |
Researcher | 11 | 11% |
Other | 8 | 8% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 8% |
Other | 16 | 16% |
Unknown | 18 | 18% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 48 | 48% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 9 | 9% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 4 | 4% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 3% |
Psychology | 3 | 3% |
Other | 11 | 11% |
Unknown | 22 | 22% |