| Title |
Lymphocytes and macrophages in adipose tissue in obesity: markers or makers of subclinical inflammation?
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Protoplasma, February 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00709-017-1082-3 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Anna Cinkajzlová, Miloš Mráz, Martin Haluzík |
| Abstract |
Obesity is accompanied by the development of chronic low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue. The presence of chronic inflammatory response along with metabolically harmful factors released by adipose tissue into the circulation is associated with several metabolic complications of obesity such as type 2 diabetes mellitus or accelerated atherosclerosis. The present review is focused on macrophages and lymphocytes and their possible role in low-grade inflammation in fat. Both macrophages and lymphocytes respond to obesity-induced adipocyte hypertrophy by their migration into adipose tissue. After activation and differentiation, they contribute to the development of local inflammatory response and modulation of endocrine function of adipose tissue. Despite intensive research, the exact role of lymphocytes and macrophages within adipose tissue is only partially clarified and various data obtained by different approaches bring ambiguous information with respect to their polarization and cytokine production. Compared to immunocompetent cells, the role of adipocytes in the obesity-related adipose tissue inflammation is often underestimated despite their abundant production of factors with immunomodulatory actions such as cytokines or adipokines such as leptin, adiponektin, and others. In summary, conflicting evidence together with only partial correlation of in vitro findings with true in vivo situation due to great heterogeneity and molecular complexity of tissue environment calls for intensive research in this rapidly evolving and important area. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 65 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Mexico | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 64 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 12 | 18% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 17% |
| Researcher | 8 | 12% |
| Student > Master | 8 | 12% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 4 | 6% |
| Other | 12 | 18% |
| Unknown | 10 | 15% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 14 | 22% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 18% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 9 | 14% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 6 | 9% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 5 | 8% |
| Other | 7 | 11% |
| Unknown | 12 | 18% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 09 May 2017.
All research outputs
#20,420,242
of 22,971,207 outputs
Outputs from Protoplasma
#746
of 978 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#356,180
of 420,448 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Protoplasma
#11
of 14 outputs
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