Title |
Maternal Infection During Pregnancy and Autism Spectrum Disorders
|
---|---|
Published in |
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, December 2013
|
DOI | 10.1007/s10803-013-2016-3 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Ousseny Zerbo, Yinge Qian, Cathleen Yoshida, Judith K. Grether, Judy Van de Water, Lisa A. Croen |
Abstract |
We conducted a nested case-control study including 407 cases and 2,075 frequency matched controls to investigate the association between maternal infections during pregnancy and risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Cases, controls, and maternal infections were ascertained from Kaiser Permanente Northern California clinical databases. No overall association between diagnoses of any maternal infection during pregnancy and ASD was observed [adjusted odds ratio (ORadj) = 1.15, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.92-1.43]. However, women with infections diagnosed during a hospital admission (ORadj = 1.48, 95 % CI 1.07-2.04), particularly bacterial infections (ORadj = 1.58, 95 % CI 1.06-2.37), were at increased risk of delivering a child with ASD. Multiple infections during pregnancy were associated with ASD (ORadj = 1.36, 95 % CI 1.05-1.78). |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 3 | 18% |
Canada | 2 | 12% |
United States | 1 | 6% |
France | 1 | 6% |
Unknown | 10 | 59% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 14 | 82% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 12% |
Scientists | 1 | 6% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 3 | <1% |
Israel | 1 | <1% |
Sweden | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 387 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 58 | 15% |
Student > Master | 57 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 50 | 13% |
Researcher | 41 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 23 | 6% |
Other | 72 | 18% |
Unknown | 91 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Neuroscience | 58 | 15% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 54 | 14% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 44 | 11% |
Psychology | 39 | 10% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 28 | 7% |
Other | 62 | 16% |
Unknown | 107 | 27% |