| Title |
The Impact of Resistance Training on Swimming Performance: A Systematic Review
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Sports Medicine, May 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s40279-017-0730-2 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Emmet Crowley, Andrew J. Harrison, Mark Lyons |
| Abstract |
The majority of propulsive forces in swimming are produced from the upper body, with strong correlations between upper body strength and sprint performance. There are significant gaps in the literature relating to the impact of resistance training on swimming performance, specifically the transfer to swimming performance. The aims of this systematic literature review are to (1) explore the transfer of resistance-training modalities to swimming performance, and (2) examine the effects of resistance training on technical aspects of swimming. Four online databases were searched with the following inclusion criteria: (1) journal articles with outcome measures related to swimming performance, and (2) competitive swimmers participating in a structured resistance-training programme. Exclusion criteria were (1) participants with a mean age <16 years; (2) untrained, novice, masters and paraplegic swimmers; (3) triathletes and waterpolo players; (4) swimmers with injuries or illness; and (5) studies of starts and turns specifically. Data were extracted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was applied. For optimal transfer, specific, low-volume, high-velocity/force resistance-training programmes are optimal. Stroke length is best achieved through resistance training with low repetitions at a high velocity/force. Resisted swims are the most appropriate training modality for improving stroke rate. Future research is needed with respect to the effects of long-term resistance-training interventions on both technical parameters of swimming and overall swimming performance. The results of such work will be highly informative for the scientific community, coaches and athletes. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 118 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Ireland | 18 | 15% |
| United Kingdom | 11 | 9% |
| United States | 9 | 8% |
| Australia | 3 | 3% |
| Canada | 3 | 3% |
| Netherlands | 3 | 3% |
| Finland | 2 | 2% |
| Brazil | 2 | 2% |
| Spain | 2 | 2% |
| Other | 15 | 13% |
| Unknown | 50 | 42% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 70 | 59% |
| Scientists | 38 | 32% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 9 | 8% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | <1% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 505 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Spain | 1 | <1% |
| Singapore | 1 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 501 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 91 | 18% |
| Student > Master | 62 | 12% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 30 | 6% |
| Researcher | 27 | 5% |
| Unspecified | 17 | 3% |
| Other | 80 | 16% |
| Unknown | 198 | 39% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Sports and Recreations | 182 | 36% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 34 | 7% |
| Unspecified | 17 | 3% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 15 | 3% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 10 | 2% |
| Other | 34 | 7% |
| Unknown | 213 | 42% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 87. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 19 April 2024.
All research outputs
#500,994
of 25,750,437 outputs
Outputs from Sports Medicine
#474
of 2,896 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#10,190
of 325,628 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Sports Medicine
#10
of 32 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,750,437 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 98th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,896 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 56.4. This one has done well, scoring higher than 83% of its peers.
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