| Title |
Fresh Whole Blood Transfusions in Coalition Military, Foreign National, and Enemy Combatant Patients during Operation Iraqi Freedom at a U.S. Combat Support Hospital
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
World Journal of Surgery, November 2007
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00268-007-9201-5 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Philip C. Spinella, Jeremy G. Perkins, Kurt W. Grathwohl, Thomas Repine, Alec C. Beekley, James Sebesta, Donald Jenkins, Kenneth Azarow, John B. Holcomb, the 31st CSH Research Working Group |
| Abstract |
United States military doctrine permits the use of fresh whole blood (FWB), donated by U.S. military personnel on site, for casualties with life-threatening injuries at combat support hospitals. U.S. Military Medical Department policy dictates that all patients treated at military facilities during combat (coalition military personnel, foreign nationals, and enemy combatants) are to be treated equally. The objectives of this study were to describe admission vital signs and laboratory values and injury location for patients transfused with FWB, and to determine if FWB was employed equally among all patient personnel categories at a combat support hospital. This retrospective cohort study evaluated admission vital signs and laboratory values, injury location, and personnel category for all patients receiving FWB at a U.S. Army combat support hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, between January and December 2004. Eighty-seven patients received 545 units of FWB. Upon admission, the average (+/-S.D.) heart rate was 144 bpm (+/-25); systolic blood pressure, 106 mmHg (+/-33); base deficit, 9 (+/-6.5); hemoglobin, 9.0 g/dl (+/-2.6); platelet concentration, 81.9 x 10(3)/mm(3) (+/-81); international normalized ratio (INR), 2.0 (+/-1.1); and temperature 95.7 degrees F (+/-2.6). The percentages of intensive care patients who received FWB by personnel category were as follows: coalition soldiers, 51/592 (8.6%); foreign nationals, 25/347 (7.2%); and enemy combatants, 11/128 (8.5% (p = 0.38). The amount of FWB transfused by personnel category was as follows: coalition soldier, 4 units (1-35); foreign national, 4 units (1-36); and enemy combatant, 4 units (1-11) (p = 0.9). Fresh whole blood was used for anemic, acidemic, hypothermic, coagulopathic patients with life-threatening traumatic injuries in hemorrhagic shock, and it was transfused in equal percentages and amounts for coalition soldiers, foreign nationals, and enemy combatants. |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 49 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1 | 2% |
| Russia | 1 | 2% |
| France | 1 | 2% |
| Switzerland | 1 | 2% |
| Unknown | 45 | 92% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Other | 9 | 18% |
| Researcher | 8 | 16% |
| Student > Master | 7 | 14% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 8% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 4 | 8% |
| Other | 12 | 24% |
| Unknown | 5 | 10% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 31 | 63% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 4% |
| Environmental Science | 1 | 2% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 1 | 2% |
| Computer Science | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 5 | 10% |
| Unknown | 8 | 16% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 8. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 17 December 2019.
All research outputs
#3,818,604
of 22,971,207 outputs
Outputs from World Journal of Surgery
#592
of 4,254 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#11,836
of 78,002 outputs
Outputs of similar age from World Journal of Surgery
#4
of 28 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,971,207 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 82nd percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,254 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 6.6. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 78,002 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 84% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 28 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 85% of its contemporaries.