Title |
Family Structure and Age at Menarche: A Children-of-Twins Approach
|
---|---|
Published in |
Developmental Psychology, January 2006
|
DOI | 10.1037/0012-1649.42.3.533 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Jane Mendle, Eric Turkheimer, Brian M. D'Onofrio, Stacy K. Lynch, Robert E. Emery, Wendy S. Slutske, Nicholas G. Martin |
Abstract |
Girls who grow up in households with an unrelated adult male reach menarche earlier than peers, a finding hypothesized to be an evolutionary strategy for families under stress. The authors tested the alternative hypothesis that nonrandom selection into stepfathering due to shared environmental and/or genetic predispositions creates a spurious relation between stepfathering and early menarche. Using the unique controls for genetic and shared environmental experiences offered by the children-of-twins design, the authors found that cousins discordant for stepfathering did not differ in age of menarche. Moreover, controlling for mother's age of menarche eliminated differences in menarcheal age associated with stepfathering in unrelated girls. These findings strongly suggest selection, and not causation, accounts for the relationship between stepfathering and early menarche. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 11% |
Japan | 1 | 11% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 11% |
Unknown | 6 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 8 | 89% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 11% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | 2% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
China | 1 | <1% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 106 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 21 | 19% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 18 | 16% |
Researcher | 15 | 14% |
Student > Master | 10 | 9% |
Professor | 7 | 6% |
Other | 20 | 18% |
Unknown | 20 | 18% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 31 | 28% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 18 | 16% |
Social Sciences | 13 | 12% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 7% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 6 | 5% |
Other | 8 | 7% |
Unknown | 27 | 24% |