| Title |
Rapid analysis of aflatoxin M1 in milk using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry, August 2013
|
| DOI | 10.1007/s00216-013-7277-3 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Luca Campone, Anna Lisa Piccinelli, Rita Celano, Mariateresa Russo, Luca Rastrelli |
| Abstract |
A simple, rapid, and sensitive method based on simultaneous protein precipitation and extraction of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis was developed for the determination of AFM1 in milk samples. In order to precipitate the proteins and extract AFM1 from milk, a sample pretreatment using acetonitrile and NaCl as the extraction/denaturant solvent and salting-out agent, respectively, was optimised. Subsequently, the acetonitrile (upper) phase, containing AFM1, was used as the disperser solvent in DLLME, and extractant (chloroform) and water were added in turn to the extract to perform the DLLME process. The main parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the whole analytical procedure, such as acetonitrile volume, amount of salt, type and volume of extractant and water volume, were carefully optimised by experimental design. Under optimum conditions, the developed method provides an enrichment factor of 33 and detection and quantification limits (0.6 and 2.0 ng kg(-1), respectively) below the maximum levels imposed by current regulations for AFM1 in milk and infant milk formulae. Recoveries (61.3-75.3%) and repeatability (RSD < 10, n = 3), tested in different types of milk at four AFM1 levels, met the performance criteria required by EC Regulation No. 401/2006. Moreover, the matrix effect on the signal intensity of the analyte was negligible. The proposed method provides a rapid extraction and an accurate determination of AFM1 in milk and formula milk using a simple and inexpensive sample preparation procedure. |
X Demographics
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Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| India | 1 | 50% |
| Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Scientists | 1 | 50% |
| Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 46 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | 3 | 7% |
| Unknown | 43 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 13% |
| Researcher | 6 | 13% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 5 | 11% |
| Student > Bachelor | 4 | 9% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 4 | 9% |
| Other | 12 | 26% |
| Unknown | 9 | 20% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Chemistry | 16 | 35% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 17% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 4% |
| Unspecified | 1 | 2% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 1 | 2% |
| Other | 5 | 11% |
| Unknown | 13 | 28% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 08 January 2014.
All research outputs
#17,285,036
of 25,371,288 outputs
Outputs from Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
#5,669
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Outputs of similar age
#131,772
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Outputs of similar age from Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry
#43
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